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Топик «Westminster Abbey. Westminster Abbey

The great glory of Westminster is, of course, the Abbey. Ancient tradition claims that St. Peter founded the first church here but the Abbey"s 900 years of existence since its dedication go back to Edward the Confessor. Henry III rebuilt the earlier church and the present building dates from his reign. If you have never visited the Abbey before, try to go in slowly and look about carefully. For the immediate effect, as you follow the wonderfully vaulted roof along the length of the nave, is a startling and breathtaking beauty. There is an element of greatness here that is not just concerned with size and height.

Nearly all English kings and queens have been crowned in Westminster Abbey. Since the far-off time of William the Conqueror Westminster Abbey has been the crowning and wedding place of the kings and queens of England.

Вестминстерское Аббатство. Уголок поэтов

Великая слава Вестминстера - это, конечно, монастырь. Древняя традиция утверждает, что Св. Петр основал первую церковь здесь, но 900 лет существования с момента основания Эбби возвращают его к временам Эдуарда Исповедника. Генри III восстановил раннюю церковь и настоящее здание построено во времена его царствования. Если вы никогда не посещали аббатство раньше, старайтесь идти медленно и внимательно оглядывайте все вокруг. Для немедленного эффекта, проследите за удивительными сводами крыши вдоль нефа, которые являются поразительной и захватывающей дух красотой. Существует элемент величия здесь, который связан не только с размером и высотой.

Многих посетителей монастыря привлекает "Уголок поэтов ", с памятниками великим людям литературы. Многие выдающиеся государственные деятели, художники, писатели и поэты похоронены там. Среди них Чарльз Диккенс, Томас Харди, Редьярд Киплинг и другие. Чосера, который похоронен в аббатстве, также помнят здесь. Таковы и Спенсер, Драйден, Бен Джонсон, и Мильтон. Есть также памятники Шекспиру, Бернсу, Байрону, Вальтеру Скотту, Теккерею и американскому поэту Лонгфелло. Статуя Шекспира в полный рост, работа Шимейкерса, была возведена в 1741 году, как раз напротив памятника актеру Дэвиду Гаррику.

Почти все английские короли и королевы были коронованы в Вестминстерском аббатстве. С далеких времен Вильгельма Завоевателя Вестминстерское аббатство было местом коронования и венчания королей и королев Англии.

Церковь апост. Петра в Лондоне, где коронуются английские короли и где хоронят высочайших особ и признанных великими общественных деятелей. Полный словарь иностранных слов, вошедших в употребление в русском языке. Попов М., 1907 … Словарь иностранных слов русского языка

Вестминстерское аббатство - Координаты: 51°29′58″ с. ш. 0°07′39″ з. д. / 51.499444° с. ш. 0.1275° з. д. … Википедия

ВЕСТМИНСТЕРСКОЕ АББАТСТВО - [англ. Westminster Abbey], собор св. ап. Петра в юго зап. районе совр. Лондона; место коронации англ. монархов, начиная с кор. Вильгельма Завоевателя (XI в.; исключение составляют только Эдуард V и Эдуард VIII). Аббат (в наст. время декан) играет … Православная энциклопедия

Вестминстерское аббатство - Соборная церковь Святого Петра в Вестминстере, почти всегда называемая Вестминстерское аббатство готическая церковь в Вестминстере (Лондон), к западу от Вестминстерского дворца. Строилась с перерывами с 1245 по 1745. Традиционное место коронации… … Католическая энциклопедия

Вестминстерское аббатство - (правильнее Уэстминстерское) собор во имя ап. Петра в Лондоне, получивший вышеозначенное название от части города, в которой он находится. Храм этот, представляющий собой образец английской готики, вначале принадлежал монастырю, построенному в… … Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона

Вестминстерское аббатство - Вестм инстерское абб атство … Русский орфографический словарь

Вестминстерское аббатство - (Westminster Abbey)Westminster Abbey, особая королевская церковь св. Петра в Вестминстере, Лондон, первоначально монастырский храм бенедиктинского монастыря. Современное здание начал строить в 11в. король Эдуард Исповедник, а последующие… … Страны мира. Словарь

Вестминстерское аббатство - (Вестминстер западный собор, в отличие от собора св. Павла, находившегося на востоке) учреждение при кафедральном соборе в Лондоне, построенном королем Себертом в VI в. Первоначально здесь существовал бенедиктинский монастырь.… …

АББАТСТВО - или монастырь, сгруппированные вокруг церкви монастырские здания, в которых помещается монашеская община. Происхождение. Начиная со времен раннего христианства, прежде всего на территории Египта, верующие собирались вокруг места, где обитал… … Энциклопедия Кольера

Аббатство Святого Августина - Ворота аббатства (ок. 1300 г.) ныне ведут на территорию частной школы Кингс скул, основание которой приписывается самому св. Августину. Аббатство св. Августина (St Augustine’s Abbey) руинированное … Википедия

Аббатство - западное наименование католических монастырей, как мужских, так и женских. В протестантских странах и в Англии, где монашество уничтожено, наименование это все таки сохранилось и усвояется некоторым бывшим монастырям, получившим иное… … Полный православный богословский энциклопедический словарь

Книги

Вестминстерское аббатство , Иванов С.. Готическая церковь Святого Петра, или Вестминстерское аббатство - одно из интереснейших зданий во всей Британской империи. Здесь похоронены И. Ньютон, Ч. Дарвин, Ч. Диккенс, многие знаменитые… Купить за 1983 руб
Вестминстерское аббатство , Иванов С.. Готическая церковь Святого Петра, или Вестминстерское аббатство, - одно из интереснейших зданий во всей Британской империи. Здесь похоронены И. Ньютон, Ч. Дарвин, Ч. Диккенс, многие…

Is a Gothic monastery church in London that is the traditional place of coronation and burial for English monarchs. Neither a cathedral nor a parish church, Westminster Abbey is a place of worship owned by the royal family.

According to tradition, a shrine was first founded here in 616 on a site then known as Thorney Island. It was said to have been miraculously consecrated after a fisherman on the River Thames saw a vision of Saint Peter.

While the existence of this shrine is uncertain, the historic Abbey was built by Edward the Confessor between 1045-1050 and was consecrated on December 28, 1065. Its construction originated in Edward"s failure to keep a vow to go on a pilgrimage; the Pope suggested that he redeem himself by building an Abbey.

The original Abbey, in the Romanesque style that is called "Norman" in England, was built to house Benedictine monks. It was rebuilt in the Gothic style between 1245-1517. The first phase of the rebuilding was organised by Henry III, in Gothic style, as a shrine to honor Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry"s own tomb, under the highest Gothic nave in England.

The work was largely finished by the architect Henry Yevele in the reign of King Richard II. Henry VII added a Perpendicular style chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary in 1503 (known as the Henry VII Lady Chapel).

Although the Abbey was seized by Henry VIII during the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1534, and closed in 1540, becoming a cathedral until 1550, its royal connections saved it from the destruction wrought on most other English abbeys. The expression "robbing Peter to pay Paul" may arise from this period when money meant for the Abbey, which was dedicated to St. Peter, was diverted to the treasury of St. Paul"s Cathedral.

It suffered damage during the turbulent 1640s, when it was attacked by Puritan iconoclasts, but was again protected by its close ties to the state during the Commonwealth period. Oliver Cromwell was given an elaborate funeral there in 1658, only to be disinterred in January 1661 and posthumously hanged from a nearby gibbet.

The Abbey was restored to the Benedictines under Queen Mary, but they were again ejected under Queen Elizabeth I in 1559. In 1579, Elizabeth re-established Westminster as a "royal peculiar" – a church responsible directly to the sovereign, rather than to a diocesan bishop – and made it the Collegiate Church of St. Peter, (i.e. a church with an attached chapter of canons, headed by a dean). Westminster Abbey is a Gothic monastery church in London that is the traditional place of coronation and burial for English monarchs. Neither a cathedral nor a parish church, Westminster Abbey is a place of worship owned by the royal family.

Located next to the Houses of Parliament in the heart of London, Westminster Abbey is a must-see for any London visitor. With its oldest parts dating to the year 1050, the Abbey contains some of the most glorious medieval architecture in London. Because of its royal connections, it was spared King Henry VIII"s general assault on monastic buildings during the Reformation.

What to See

Henry III rebuilt the Abbey in honour of the Royal Saint Edward the Confessor, whose memorial and relics were placed in the Sanctuary. The Shrine of St. Edward the Confessor has been the focus of pilgrimages to Westminster Abbey since the Middle Ages.

Henry III was buried nearby as were the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and relatives. Subsequently, most English kings and queens were buried here. However, Henry VIII and Charles I are buried at St. George"s Chapel in Windsor Castle, as all royals have been since George II.

Aristocrats were buried in side chapels of Westminster Abbey and monks and people associated with the Abbey were buried in the cloisters and other areas. One of these was Geoffrey Chaucer, who was buried here as he had apartments in the Abbey as he was employed as master of the Kings Works.

Other poets were buried around Chaucer in what became known as Poets" Corner. Abbey musicians such as Henry Purcell were also buried in their place of work. Subsequently it became a great honor to be buried or memorialized here. The practice spread from aristocrats and poets to generals, admirals, politicians, scientists, doctors, and others.

In the Da Vinci Code

Westminster Abbey is the setting of a climactic scene in Dan Brown"s novel The Da Vinci Code. Towards the end of the book, Robert Langdon and Sophie Neveu finally figure out (after a dead-end search at the Temple Church and with the help of the computers at King"s College London) that their latest clue -

In London lies a knight a Pope interred His labor"s fruit a Holy wrath incurred - refers to the tomb of Sir Isaac Newton in Westminster Abbey. Newton"s eulogy was delivered by Alexander Pope - "A. Pope".

The scene in Westminster Abbey includes some admiring descriptions of Westminster Abbey and its history, and mentions of several important sights of its interior, such as Poet"s Corner, Newton"s tomb, and the Chapter House. The narrative includes this vivid description as the characters enter:

Langdon"s and Sophie"s eyes, like those of almost every visitor, shifted immediately skyward, where the abbey"s great abyss seemed to explode overhead. Grey stone columns ascended like redwoods into the shadows, arching gracefully over dizzying expanses, and then shooting back down to the stone floor. Before them, the wide alley of the north transept stretched out like a deep canyon, flanked by sheer cliffs of stained glass. On sunny days, the abbey floor was a prismatic patchwork of light. Today, the rain and darkness gave this massive hollow a wraithlike aura... more like that of the crypt it truly was.

The tomb of Isaac Newton is in a niche on the north side of the nave. The monumental tomb is a grand affair, with lovely sculptures and elaborate decorations representing his scientific discoveries. Atop the monument is a giant orb with images of planets. The Da Vinci Code"s characters are attempting to solve the rest of the riddle that brought them to Westminster Abbey:

You seek the orb that ought to be on his tomb It speaks of Rosy flesh and seeded womb.

Before Robert and Sophie can figure out the puzzle, they discover a chilling note on the sarcophagus lid, next to Newton"s outstretched right foot: "I have Teabing. Go through Chapter House, out south exit, to public garden." The note was scrawled using the charcoal pencils provided by the Abbey for visitors to do rubbings of the monuments in Poets" Corner.

The abbey"s two western towers were built between 1722 and 1745 by Sir Christopher Wren and Nicholas Hawksmoor, constructed from Portland stone to an early example of a Gothic Revival design. Further rebuilding and restoration occurred in the 19th century under Sir George Gilbert Scott.

Until the 19th century, Westminster was the third seat of learning in England, after Oxford and Cambridge. It was here that the first third of the King James Bible Old Testament and the last half of the New Testament were translated. The New English Bible was also put together here in the 20th century.

Since the Christmas Day coronation of William the Conqueror in 1066, all English monarchs (except Lady Jane Grey, Edward V and Edward VIII, who did not have coronations) have been crowned in the Abbey. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the traditional cleric in the coronation ceremony. St. Edward"s Chair, the throne on which British sovereigns are seated at the moment of coronation, is housed within the Abbey.

Closer to our own time, in 1998 ten 20th-century Christian martyrs including Deitrich Bonhoeffer, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Oscar Romero were immortalized in stone statues over the Great West Door.

Westminster Abbey is an exciting place to visit for anyone interested in British History. Almost all Britain"s kings and queens since William the Conqueror have been crowned here, and many are buried at the Abbey too.

Officially known as the Collegiate Church of St. Peter in Westminster, Edward the Confessor had the abbey built in the 11th century . By the mid 13th century Henry III began re building it in the French Gothic style, in honour of Edward.

Additions were made over the centuries; one of the most important was the Lady Chapel built by Henry VII, now named after him. During the early part of the 18th century, Nicholas Hawksmoor designed the Gothic style towers for the west front.

Above the west door, statues have been added to the niches representing twentieth century martyrs. Westminster Abbey is full of memorials, plaques, reliefs and statuary all commemorating famous and honoured citizens, although not all are buried here.

The Nave has massive flying buttresses which were new technology in the fourteenth century, allowing its magnificent stone vaulted roof and gilded bosses to soar to one hundred and one feet, the highest nave in England.

The area is flooded with light from the stained glass west window, designed by James Thornhill, constructed in 1735.

Below this window, surrounded by red poppies is the grave of the Unknown Warrior, commemorating thousands killed in the 1914-18 War, who have no grave.

Nearby is the floor plaque dedicated to Sir , buried in his family plot at Bladon, near Blenheim Palace.

The Choir is where twenty-two boys and twelve lay vicars (as the men of the choir are known) sing daily services. Orlando Gibbons and Henry Purcell were organists at the abbey.

The anthem "Zadok the Priest" was written by Handel for the coronation of George II and is still included in the coronation ceremony.

The Sanctuary is where coronations take place. Behind the High Altar is the reredos, with a mosaic portraying the Last Supper - both date from 1867 and were designed by Sir Gilbert Scott.

On the altar are a pair of candlesticks bought with money left to the abbey by Sarah Hughes, a serving maid in the 17th century.

The Cosmati floor mosaic, constructed in the thirteenth century by Italian craftsmen, portraying the universe, is made up of Purbeck marble, green and red porphyry and glass, and is considered a precious work of art, one of the abbey"s great treasures.

The shrine of Edward the Confessor, lies in the chapel east of the sanctuary, the most venerated part of the abbey. The stone screen, circa 15th century on the west side, is carved with scenes from the life of the saint, who was canonised in the 12th century.

The abbey has seen the coronation of every British monarch since the 13th Century, except Edward V and Edward VIII.

The Coronation Chair of Edward I circa 1300 can be seen in this part of the abbey.

Used at every coronation since 1308, the throne was made to incorporate the Scottish coronation stone, known as the Stone of Scone, which Edward removed to England in 1296.

It remained in Westminster Abbey for the next seven hundred years, until its return to Edinburgh Castle in 1996.

Henry VII"s Chapel or the Lady Chapel was completed in 1519. A pair of fine bronze gates displaying Tudor badges stand at the entrance.

The main nave is a remarkable piece of architecture in the English Perpendicular style.

The elaborate carved vaulting, gilded pendants and statues of saints are set high above the choir stalls, beneath the seats of the stalls are beautifully carved misericords.

The chapel is decorated with the banners of the Knights of the order of the Bath, to whom the chapel was dedicated.

In the north aisle, is the tomb of ; it is interesting to note that her Catholic half sister Queen Mary is also buried here.

Innocents" Corner is the resting-place of James I"s infant daughters, Princess Sophia and her elder sister Princess Mary.

Some people believe that an urn designed by Sir Christopher Wren and set into the wall, contains the bones of the Princes murdered in the tower of London, Edward V and his younger brother Richard, although this has never been proved.

Behind the altar is the black marble sarcophagus of Henry VII and his wife, Elizabeth of York, their gilded effigies modelled from their death masks.

In this chapel is the red robed effigy of James I"s grandmother and the elaborate tomb of his mother . James himself is buried beside Henry VII.

Below the altar, commemorated by simple plaques lie William and Mary, Queen Anne and Charles II.

At the east end of the chapel, is the colourful memorial window showing the crests of the 68 Fighter Squadrons, which took part in the Battle of Britain.

The South Transept and Poets Corner is dominated by the magnificent rose window.

Below it are two censing angels, the finest carvings in the abbey dating from the 13th century.

From the same period are two wall paintings, depicting Christ showing his wounds to Doubting Thomas and St. Christopher.

The first person to be buried in Poet"s Corner was Geoffrey Chaucer in 1400, who was clerk of works to the Palace of Westminster.

There are memorials to John Dryden, Edmund Spencer, Dr. Samuel Johnson, Robert Browning and Charles Dickens to name but a few.

Not all who rest here are poets and authors, there are several of the abbey"s former Deans and Canons, the musician Handel, the actor David Garrick, the last to be buried here was Sir Laurence Olivier.

The cloisters date from the 13-15th centuries. Originally they would have been glazed and heated by braziers.

They would have been used by the monks of the original church for meditation, places of study and for taking exercise, also for access to the refectory and the Chapter House.

East of the cloisters is the Pyx Chamber, the Sacristy of Edward the Confessor"s church, later used as the royal treasury. Today the chamber is used to show the abbey"s plate.

The Undercroft is now a museum, containing many interesting artefacts from the abbey"s history.

Great Britain is famous for its architecture, beautiful streets, historical buildings and monuments. So many world famous authors were born in Great Britain. People from all the world want to come here and see Big Ben, the House of Parliament, London Bridge and of course Westminster Abbey.

Westminster Abbey is a church in London, where coronations and ceremonies of national significance took place. Next to this church you can see the House of Parliament. In 1987 Westminster Abbey was designated a UNESCO as a World Heritage.

The history says that in past Westminster Abbey was a small church. The first Christian king started to rebuild the church. It was not easy, but the church has been changing all these years.

Today it looks pretty old, and that’s why tourists are so much crazy about this place. The church was built in Gothic style and was rebuilt more than 5 times. The building has 2 main towers and 10 huge bells.

This is a really popular and historical place. I have found in internet many beautiful photos, interesting facts and historical moments about Westminster Abbey. Many famous people are buried here. Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, Ernest Reserford and many others. You will look at these marble monuments forever. I think it’s like 7 wonders of the world, that we have to take care about and save for our children.

Вестминстерское Аббатство

Великобритания известна своей архитектурой, красивыми улицами, историческими зданиями и памятниками. Очень много известных писателей и ученых родились именно здесь. Люди со всего мира хотят приехать сюда и увидеть Биг Бен, Дом Парламента, Лондонский мост и конечно, Вестминстерское Аббатство.

Вестминстерское Аббатство - это церковь в Лондоне, где проходили коронации и церемонии монархов. Возле этой церкви вы увидите Дом Парламента. В 1987 году Вестминстерское Аббатство было занесено в список всемирного достояния.

История говорит, что в прошлом это была маленькая церквушка. Первый христианский король начал перестройку церкви. Это был долгий процесс, но с течением времени церковь сильно изменилась.

Сегодня она выглядит достаточно старинной, но туристов этот факт ещё больше завлекает. Церковь была возведена в готическом стиле и перестраивалась более 5 раз. Здание уникально тем, что оно включает в себя 2 огромные башни и 10 колоколов.

И это очень популярное и историческое место. Я нашла в интернете много красивых фото, интересных фактов и исторических моментов о Вестминстерском Аббатстве.