EntranceFinnish frame house: prices and projects. Construction of Finnish frame houses
Many modern advanced residents of megacities and rural areas began to pay attention to one-story frame houses using Finnish technology. Let us consider in this article the features and advantages of this type of housing.
Technologies and methods for constructing frame houses
Production frame houses involves taking into account country and regional differences. The following options are conventionally distinguished:
- American;
- Canadian;
- Scandinavian;
- German.
Scandinavian technologies, due to regional differences, are divided into:
- Swedish;
- Norwegian;
- Finnish.
The main advantages of Finnish frame-type house technology
The main advantage of such housing is considered to be simplicity of design. Build frame house using Finnish technology you can from wooden beams with a section of 245 by 100 mm. The pitch of their location is up to 400 mm. With their help, a frame of the structure is obtained, which is later sheathed using wood slabs.
Proper cladding is a fundamental parameter of structures according to similar projects. Their main purpose is to maintain the required level of heat in the building. This is precisely the point that is considered one of the undoubted advantages of diverse Finnish projects.
Let us summarize the main advantages of frame houses using Finnish technology:
- Lightweight frame design;
- Ease of construction;
- Low consumption of required materials;
- Construction can be completed in the shortest possible time;
- There is no problem with seasonality (there is practically no need to use concrete during the construction process; construction of the structure is possible even in winter);
- Frame panel houses have high resistance to possible movement of soil layers and weak earthquakes;
- Possibility of using available equipment during the construction process (no need to use heavy special equipment);
- Quite convenient to perform all the required interior work by finishing;
- Such houses can be transported as panels and installed in parts.
In addition to the undoubted advantages, some disadvantages of this type of structure can be identified:
- Low noise insulation properties of the partitions used;
- Quite low strength indicators of the slabs used for cladding.
Materials for frame-panel houses
Frame panel houses require the use of a limited amount of materials. Of course, this involves reducing costs, including simplifying the construction process.
In general, the construction process involves:
- Wooden beams of the required size - 245 by 100 mm. It should be borne in mind that in seismically active zones, as well as in areas with so-called moving soil, it would be logical to use a larger section.
Today there is a wide selection of diverse materials used for construction. For example, profiled timber is widely used, which adds zest to any construction project. Moreover, it does not require any external finishing work at all.
Another popular option is laminated veneer lumber. It is credited with excellent soundproofing, thermal insulation properties and characteristics. In addition, it is characterized by increased strength and can perfectly resist negative influence various biological microorganisms, high level humidity.
In general, beams are used to create the structure of a structure, load-bearing elements, floor bases, wall partitions, and ceiling slabs.
- Plates. They are used for cladding external as well as internal wall surfaces. The slabs are arranged using Finnish technology in the form of a multilayer structure. Their main function is to maintain thermal insulation.
When interior decoration OSB is used. It consists of several layers of shavings, which are held together with wax and resins.
In the case of external cladding, fiberboard slabs are used. Moreover, they are necessarily treated with wax to maintain the proper level of moisture resistance. The insulation is often mineral wool.
- The coating for the roof and interior cladding is chosen depending on the wishes and preferences of the developer.
- Foundation materials may also vary. For example, a frequently encountered and popular option is finely ruined strip foundation. A more profitable option may be a foundation made of bored piles (with this choice, the structure on piles will be located higher).
Wall construction of a frame house according to the Finnish method
The wall design of a frame house using Finnish technology can include beams and thick boards. Of course, parallel bars are considered more durable material. The racks are fastened using a system of grooves, which is rightfully considered the most durable and most reliable. In addition, the parts are additionally fastened using metal elements (screws or nails).
The finished wall is lifted and installed in the groove of the base with fixation using supports. Often, in order to raise the wall, special guides are installed and a winch or cable is widely used. Moreover, all the walls of the house are installed in this way.
After completion of the construction of the first floor, interfloor (or ceiling in the case of a one-story structure) floors are installed. For this purpose, beams with the following section are most often used - 245 by 50 mm. The recommended distance between the beams is no more than 35 cm. Thick plywood is laid on the beams. The result is a ceiling for the first floor or a subfloor for the second.
What does a competent Finnish frame house pie include?
A typical competent wall pie of a frame house using Finnish technology should include:
- Racks equipped with environmentally friendly insulation;
- Membrane for vapor barrier;
- The internal sheathing - slats are mounted so that there is space between them for the purpose of laying future communications. With the help of such a gap, the energy efficiency of the entire structure can be significantly increased using an additional cross-layer of insulation. At the same time, it is very convenient to lay all the required communications in the gap without drilling into the racks. To a large extent, it is possible to minimize possible damage to the vapor barrier circuit (in this case, there is no need to pierce it in order to remove wires and pipes);
- Finishing for finishing work (the most common option is plasterboard).
It should be borne in mind that pies can be completely different depending on the manufacturer.
How to calculate a pie for the walls of a frame house
Factors that influence the correct calculation of the pie for the walls of a frame house include:
- Level of required insulation. This indicator is influenced by several important factors at once. Eg, great importance have the climatic conditions in which the structure will be built. In addition, a large role belongs to the main purpose of the object. It is clear that for a small country house option they will be quite suitable thin walls and less insulation. Based on the outlined parameters, the frame and beam cross-section are calculated.
- Insulation. Wind protection and vapor barrier are selected based on its properties and characteristics.
- Interior and exterior finishing. They have a direct impact on the design features of the pie. Therefore, it is necessary to choose and decide on them at the initial stage.
- Climatic conditions. The pie will differ depending on the climatic conditions in which the construction of the structure is planned. IN northern regions, for example, the most important thing will be maintaining the proper level of heat. In southern latitudes, the main thing is to properly protect the inside of the pie from moisture.
In general, despite the differences in the design of the pie, the basic technology will be the same. Pie in general view represents a structure that is made of timber. The necessary insulation is placed in it. Everything is sewn up on both sides using OSB sheets or plywood. In addition, an indispensable attribute of the design is windproof and vapor barrier film. Their main task is to prevent moisture from entering.
So, it is clear that frame houses using Finnish technology are appreciated by the modern population. Today everyone can choose the most optimal projects for your own construction, as well as study numerous reviews on the Internet about frame house construction using Finnish technologies.
Since the site is called “Finnish House,” then let’s start understanding the Finnish (Scandinavian) technology for constructing frame houses.
Roofing and ceilings
Considering that factory-made house kits are mainly used in Scandinavia, the most common rafter system from factory-produced gear plate trusses (GRP). This solution is very beneficial for commercial construction. Precisely calculated loads, factory quality of the product and, most importantly, simple and quick installation of the roof.
Large attic trusses can be composite for ease of transportation
Farms come in a wide variety of bizarre shapes. Moreover, attic and semi-attic floors are also most often realized through trusses. In this case, the farm is actually a single whole of truss structure, attic walls and interfloor covering.
Installed trusses. Where there are 1.5 floors, attic trusses are used.
Such huge trusses are assembled using a crane and can be composited if the truss dimensions exceed the standard “transport” dimensions due to dimensional restrictions.
Small farms can be assembled without the use of equipment.
The undeniable advantage of roof trusses is that, as a rule, they do not require internal load-bearing walls. Consequently, planning possibilities are expanded.
Often, for the implementation of complex roofs, materials such as laminated veneer lumber or LVL timber are used. Usually when the task is to make some kind of long-span unsupported structure designed for a large load
The roofing “pie” absolutely always contains waterproofing, counter sheathing and sheathing. That is, regardless of whether the house is one-story with a cold attic or an attic floor, the roof is always made with a ventilation gap.
What’s interesting is that to create a ventilation gap, we use not a thick 50x50 block like ours, but a 25-30mm thick strip
Regarding roofing coverings. Unlike America, where in 90% of cases soft tiles are made, in Scandinavia a wide variety of types of roofing are used - metal tiles, seam roofing, tiles of all kinds (natural, composite, etc.), soft tiles...
The only thing I have never seen on Scandinavian houses is ondulin and similar materials.
Interfloor ceilings are also performed in different ways, depending on the task. Wooden laminated I-beams, laminated and LVL timber, trusses or a simple board can be used
Frame
Unlike America, in Scandinavia there are no uniform rules (building code) governing how the frame itself should be implemented. Therefore, for a particular company, the frame can be very specific. But the main elements are performed in the same way as in American frame construction. The basis of the frame, of course, is the same as in any other civilized country - dry planed board. Wooden beam It is used extremely rarely, only to solve some highly specific specific problems. And then, most likely, it will not be just timber, but the same laminated timber or LVL.
One of the interesting features of the Finnish frame is the so-called “Finnish crossbar”. A board (and most often LVL timber) embedded “on edge” into the racks under the top trim. This solution allows you to do without double top trim and window “headers”, which are mandatory for use in American frame house construction.
Another feature from the Americans. Double and especially triple racks are not always used in the area of window openings. This is probably due to the fact that in the American frame these boards are mainly used to support the same “header”, which in the Scandinavian version is replaced by crossbars embedded in the racks.
Companies that make large panels such as omatalo (finndomo), yukkatalo use something like I-beams for racks to combat “cold bridges.” Or combined composite racks, with a “thermal break” made of material with low thermal conductivity. It is already difficult to repeat such options in artisanal conditions. This is a solution for industrial production.
External slab cladding, wind protection and frame stiffening elements.
Another striking difference from the Americans.
In the American frame, in 99% of cases, continuous cladding with OSB3 boards is used on the outside + a wind-hydroprotective membrane on top. OSB plays a structural role - giving the frame spatial rigidity. And the membrane protects the OSB from excess moisture in case of any leaks along the facade.
In Scandinavian frames, this is an extremely rare, almost never found option. Basically, three types of implementation of sheathing, wind protection and stiffening elements can be distinguished.
- Exterior use of soft fiberboards (MFB). In our market, such slabs are known under the brands Isoplaat and Steico. These plates perform 4 roles at once. They give spatial rigidity to the frame, perform the function of wind protection, additional insulation and sound insulation.
- Facade plasterboard. This is a very common solution. The most typical option is Gyproc GTS9. Unfortunately, this type of material is not represented at all on Russian market on free sale. Knauf tried to release a trial batch, but the product did not find widespread consumer demand and production was discontinued. I hope with the development of frame housing construction the situation will change. Since this perfect solution for spatial rigidity of the frame and wind protection for minimal money.
- Giving rigidity to the frame with embedded jibs or rigid board materials (plywood) installed only at the corners of the building. There is no slab covering on the outside of the frame, only a windproof film.
IN Lately options began to appear using OSB in the wall, but unlike the American version, in the Scandinavian version OSB is usually installed on the inside of the room.
In addition, sometimes (but not always) in the first two options a windproof film is also placed on top.
I am impressed by this approach to wall construction, because the Scandinavians never use material with relatively low vapor transmission (for example, OSB) on the outside - due to which, from the point of view of vapor permeability, the design turns out to be more correct and “foolproof”.
On the Russian “Internet” you can often come across the opinion that if you use fairly soft materials such as gypsum plasterboard or MDVP for cladding, then you must definitely use jibs. Because compared to American OSB, these materials are flimsy. I don't agree with this opinion. Firstly, you need to understand in which direction these materials work in the wall. And in this direction, soft materials are very durable. In addition, what I call the “bundle of arrows principle” operates here. Perhaps slab cladding alone with these materials will not be enough, but in combination with internal and external facade cladding - it is quite enough. That is, each “layer of the wall cake” makes a small contribution to the structural rigidity and the result is quite sufficient.
Facade and interior decoration
Wood is used in 90% of façade finishing. It can be “imitation timber” in our understanding, “American”, just a board and a quarter, vertical cladding with a simple planed board in 2 layers with a “spread”, planken, etc.. The cladding can be either vertical or horizontal .
The remaining 10% are plaster and other types of facades. Vinyl siding, so popular in America, did not take root in Scandinavia. All kinds composite panels, facing brick, also used very rarely
Any wooden facade Always done with a ventilation gap. Moreover, its implementation is not always trivial.
Another interesting feature is that the Scandinavians do not hesitate to hit the sheathing directly into the plane of the board, and not hidden, as we like to do. There are 2 points here.
- Firstly, in most cases the facade is painted with covering (opaque) paint, which will cover these fasteners. Glazing (translucent) materials, so popular in our country, are used much less frequently.
- Secondly, such fasteners are much stronger and a facade board nailed in this way makes a good contribution to the overall structural rigidity of the entire house.
An interesting point about painting facades. Wood is always painted with preliminary priming with a special primer. That is, 1 layer of primer and 2-3 layers of high-quality covering paint.
In addition, our compatriots are often surprised that the boards on Finnish facades are “shaggy”, as if they had not been planed. In fact, after planing the facade board, it deliberately “shags”, that is, wood pile rises. This is done so that the board absorbs more paint - and as a result, a thicker layer of protective coating is formed
This is why Finnish houses can last up to 10-15 years without requiring repainting. Priming, high-quality paint and “shaggy” boards are the key to the durability of the facade
The boards are attached to 2 nails directly into the plane. Then it will be painted over. The board is already primed at the factory
The interior finish may vary. Basically this is gypsum board with subsequent painting or gluing of wallpaper or wood. And often there is a combination of both.
Considering that the foundation is basically both the floor of the first floor and the heating system (warm water floors), the entire first floor is often laid out with tiles or porcelain stoneware.
The ceiling is usually either wood or special ceiling panels or plasterboard.
“Pie” walls and insulation
This is a big and complex topic.
There are different types of “pies”. Each company strives to come up with something of its own, super energy efficient. By the way, energy efficiency is a Scandinavian fad. Walls with an effective insulation layer of 250 mm, an attic or roof from 300 to 500 (!!) mm are not an exception, but the norm.
The main insulation is mineral wool insulation. Paroc is very popular (support domestic manufacturer), and various glass wools such as Ursa or Isover are also popular, only from local, smaller manufacturers. Cellulose ecowool is a niche product. Most likely, this is due to the peculiarities of its use, since ecowool insulation is difficult to “build in” into the factory cycle.
A common option is when vertical surfaces are insulated mineral wool, and the ceilings and attic are made of ecowool, which the owner himself buys in the store and rents a blowing machine there.
There is always a vapor barrier! Moreover, this is basically a simple 200 micron polyethylene film. Some “branded” vapor barriers are rarely used.
A typical Finnish wall "pie" looks something like this (from outside to inside)
- Facade board
- Ventilation gap
- Facade gypsum plasterboard or MDV or simply windproof film
- Main frame with insulation
- vapor barrier
- additional layer of insulation. For example, horizontal lathing + insulation.
- GKL or other material for interior decoration
Compare with typical American
- Siding
- OSB + wind protection
- frame with insulation
- vapor barrier
Apart from the differences in slab materials on the outside of the wall, the main difference is the presence of a ventilation gap on the outside and an additional gap with insulation on the inside.
With the first, everything is clear, wood, a material more critical to moisture than vinyl board and a ventilation gap for it, is more of a necessity than a whim. If, of course, durable is considered reliable system. By the way, wood siding in America it is also installed with a ventilation gap.
An interesting difference is in point 6 of the Scandinavian “pie”.
A lathing is made on top of the vapor barrier (usually horizontal) in which communications (water, electrical) are carried out and this gap is insulated
We receive several bonuses at once
- The energy efficiency of the structure increases due to an additional, cross-layer insulation
- It is very convenient to carry out communications in the gap, without drilling into the posts
- Potential damage to the vapor barrier circuit is minimized since it does not need to be pierced to allow pipes and wires to exit.
By the way, such a lathing gap, albeit without insulation, is usually present on ceilings. It is very convenient to carry electrical wiring and other communications in it.
Jetta Talo's "Super Effective Pie"
Quite a typical “pie” with ecowool insulation and imitation of “cuts” of a wooden house on the outside. The sheathing inside is vertical - in order to immediately place the imitation timber horizontally.
Windows from metal-plastic profile, popular in Germany and here, did not take root in Scandinavia.
Basically, the following window design is used here
The window is double glazed, the internal frame is wooden, with a single glazed unit. External, can be either wooden or metal, with one glass (in more energy-efficient options, also wooden frame and double glazing). The design of the windows itself is such that both sashes open inward at the same time, for which a special connector with a sliding mechanism is responsible.
This is probably the most “hard to replicate” part of a Scandinavian home. Original windows in Russia they are, to put it mildly, indecently expensive. There are many options for “analogs”, but again, either the price is significantly higher than the usual metal-plastic or the quality is lame, and on both legs.
Heating, ventilation and other communications
Heating is usually water-based, through a system of underfloor heating installed at the foundation stage. Radiators can only be installed on second floors.
The coolant can be heated by an electric boiler or any other boiler for water heating. Recently it has also become very popular to use heat pumps all kinds. Moreover, their implementation is actively popularized at the state level.
IN small houses and on the second floors (instead of radiators) ordinary electric convectors are also very popular.
Everything is clear with water and sewerage - there are no special differences here.
Electrical wiring is hidden, running in gaps on the inside of the outer wall or above the ceiling. The American method of drilling racks and laying wiring in them is usually done only in partitions.
As in America, most often no corrugations or other protective “covers” are used for wiring. Although this depends on the manufacturer. As far as I understand, the emphasis is on a competent engineering calculation of the home’s electrical network, with all the necessary automation, high-quality wire, etc. The size of the electrical panel, even in a small Finnish house, can amaze the unprepared mind of the Russian average person, accustomed to the “three plugs” next to the electricity meter.
What is noteworthy is that, despite such a “careless” approach from the point of view of the Russian PUE, the statistics of fires due to electrical wiring failure or electric shock are several times lower. So... it's not about the corrugation.
For example, in the maximum version, this is a full-fledged supply system exhaust ventilation with heat recovery.
Wiring of a complete ventilation system
But in simpler houses (especially in Norway and Sweden) there are also more budget options. Supply valves directly within the walls of the house and centralized mechanical hood from kitchen areas, bathrooms and saunas.
The simplest ventilation option. Inflow through the “windows” and exhaust by fan or exhaust unit from the control room and kitchen area
This option is less energy efficient, but much cheaper.
Is it possible to make a frame house using Finnish technology here?
Of course you can! After all, even a panel house kit differs from pre-cut only in that the panel is assembled not at a construction site, but in a warm workshop of a factory. And pre-cut differs from regular construction right on site only in that the frame parts are pre-cut. But you can cut them according to the design at the construction site!
Of course, not all elements can be repeated - for example, tricky Omatal racks with a thermal break can be made in makeshift conditions, but this will be a significant waste of time and money.
But making a simple frame with cross-insulation from the inside, for example, as Kastelli does, will not pose any problem.
In other words, if you have a project, “direct hands” and the desire to do it well and carefully, and not just somehow, building a “copy” of a Finnish house is a completely feasible task. And choose a “donor”, that is, a layout and appearance at home you can read the article “
about the author
Hello. My name is Alexey, you may have met me as Porcupine or Gribnick on the Internet. I am the founder of the "Finnish House", a project that has grown from a personal blog into construction company, the goal of which is to build high-quality and comfortable home for you and your children.Construction of frame houses is an inexpensive and high-quality analogue to construction from logs or stone. What type of frame house to choose and what is so remarkable about building a frame house using Finnish technology.
Features of construction using Finnish technology
Why do many who decide to build a house choose? Frame houses using Finnish technology are simple - the frame can be assembled in a couple of weeks, and the construction itself can actually be completed in a couple of months.
In addition, Finnish-type frame houses are built from 245x100 mm timber or 150x50 mm boards that make up the frame, and mineral slabs that retain heat. It is precisely because of the frame material and the ease of erecting a frame house that such construction has developed. In addition, experts and builders note the following positive features that make Finnish technology so popular.
Construction of Finnish frame houses
According to Finnish technology pile foundation.- The lightweight design does not require “extra” hands to install the boards.
- Construction of a house is possible at any time of the year.
- All equipment used for construction is quite accessible; there is no need to call in special equipment to install house parts.
- Frame houses built using Finnish technology have high thermal insulation.
- Short construction time.
- Low cost of materials and all construction.
- High environmental friendliness of materials – wooden frame and mineral insulation.
- Long service life of the house itself; even the internal insulation has a shelf life of up to 25 years, unlike Canadian houses.
- Excellent quality of the base material - or board.
- Simplicity and ease of finishing a Finnish frame house.
Construction stages
Foundation installation
Strip foundation using Finnish technology. In this regard, frame houses involve the construction of enough lightweight design, there is no need to make a massive and expensive foundation. A strip or column foundation is ideal.
On a note
You can save on a strip foundation by choosing slag concrete and concrete, on a columnar foundation - by using solid red brick or by building a rubble concrete foundation. The depth of the foundation and the frequency of placement of supports depends on the number of storeys and the future load on it.
Installation of beds and logs
Beams are installed along the perimeter of the installed foundation, which are attached to the foundation with special anchors. Before fixing the beds, you need to check all the dimensions and correspondence of the diagonals. Next, a strapping board is placed on the end, to which logs are attached from boards placed on edge.
Installation of logs for Finnish houses occurs in increments of 300-350 mm. Construction is characterized by the absence of foam plastic as insulation, so treated ecowool can be used for the floor.
Assembly of frame walls
The walls of the future Scandinavian frame house can be of two types - assembled by hand on the ground and installed entirely on the construction site, or ready-made high-tech panels with built-in communications.
Pie wall using Finnish technology What does a proper Finnish frame house pie include:
- Vapor barrier membrane.
- Internal sheathing - slats are installed crosswise to create space between them for laying future communications.
- Finishing for finishing work, most often plasterboard is used.
How Finnish frame houses are built - examples of work in the photo.
By Scandinavian technology construction.
Sheathing the house frame
The finished wall frame is sheathed with Isoplat windproof sheets. These sheets will not only protect the walls from external influences, but will also add strength to the structure. After this, CSP sheets (cement-bonded particle board) are installed through the ventilated gap of the sheathing.
Installation of ceiling and roof in a Finnish house
If the construction is multi-story, the ceiling of the second floor with beams with a section of 245x50 mm is mounted on the walls of the first floor of the frame. If after the first floor there is an attic or roof, 150x50mm boards and OSB sheets for the rough ceiling are selected for the rafters. Typically, the roof of Finnish houses is mounted on a simple, gable roof, also with a small rafter pitch.
Attic floor using Finnish technology. Finishing work in frames using Scandinavian technology, as well as the choice of roof covering is carried out in accordance with individual wishes and the availability of funds.
Installation of ventilation systems
During construction, special attention must be paid to creating ventilation in a frame house. This issue is relevant for construction using high-tech finished walls, with already installed windows and communication systems.
Ventilation system. Many builders neglect installation ventilation systems, recommending simply in ventilation mode. But in this case, not only are they wasted additional funds for heating or cooling the house, but the insulation also deteriorates along with the materials that are basic in construction.
If you are building a seasonal house - a dacha and there are not many rooms in the room, you can independently install the hood in a frame house. Installation natural ventilation with supply valves will be done without difficulties and will not bring additional costs. During construction year-round home, supply ventilation should be installed at least in bathrooms and kitchens.
Tools for creating ventilation in a frame house
- Spanners.
- Hammer and drill.
- Screwdriver.
- Hammer.
- Marker.
- Clamp.
- Ratchet wrench.
On a note
If during construction the question arose of how to make a hood in a frame house at the lowest cost, you can install a natural supply ventilation, for which you don’t need any electrical equipment, which does not entail additional costs.
Natural supply ventilation
- It is best to carry out installation before finishing the premises, right during construction. If the valve is located behind the heating radiator, it must be temporarily removed and the location of future ventilation must be marked with a marker.
- A hole is made for the ventilation duct.
- A ventilation pipe with insulation is installed into the resulting channel.
- The valve body should not touch the pipe, so it can be attached using polyurethane foam. The body, like the pipe, can be insulated or a sound absorber can be put on.
- From the outside of the ventilation pipe is put on protective grille, on the inside there is a special cover.
If, when choosing a project for your future home, you chose Finnish frame houses, the construction will be durable and reliable, and with the right choice of materials it will save a significant part of the budget.
Last time frame construction has become popular for construction country houses. Common projects are Finnish houses. Finnish frame houses have fast construction technology and do not bear a large financial burden on the budget. In this article we will talk about the construction, pricing policy of a turnkey house, and the choice of a project for Finnish frame houses.
The main advantages of Finnish houses
Frame houses using Finnish technology have a number of advantages:
- Aesthetic and attractive appearance. The main material used is wood. The wood is not difficult to process and lay, allowing you to build a house of any project complexity.
- Material safety. Wood is a safe material for human health and creates a favorable atmosphere inside the house.
- Design reliability frame house perfectly tolerates temperature changes and climatic conditions.
- Environmental friendliness of the material. Wood is a breathable material that does not cause allergic reactions and irritation.
- Ease of construction. You can build a house on your own without the use of heavy and special equipment. The construction process takes one season.
- Economical. A frame house using Finnish technology has high heat-saving qualities. A wooden house retains heat well, and the absence of cracks keeps the temperature warm and comfortable.
Thanks to such positive properties frame houses are quite popular and in demand.
The construction process is divided into three key stages:
- design and calculation of material;
- construction of a house;
- external and internal finishing.
Calculations and house design
At the stage of preparing a house project, it is important to take into account all wishes, make a layout of all rooms and carry out the correct calculations. An important point in the design are the location of the site, the type of soil, the relief and its climatic features. When all the data is collected, you can easily select required material, choose the type of foundation and build a house without errors.
You can also purchase finished projects houses, development companies offer project documentation prices vary from 300 to 1200 dollars. The finished construction plan must necessarily contain the architectural, construction and engineering parts.
For information! Square is the ideal building shape that contains optimal solution by residential and utility usable area.
When the house plan is ready, it should be transferred to the site. Try to place window openings to the south, this will significantly save money on the heating system.
Finnish technology house projects
Frame Finnish house consists of a simple technology, which consists in the fact that all walls and partitions are lifted and connected to each other at the construction site. To build a house, it is necessary to make a project with a mandatory indication of the footage of all rooms, the material used, the thickness of the walls and the type of foundation. In addition, the number of windows, doors and balconies is taken into account. Finnish frame house is a ready-made house kit. Such house kits are worn different name Finnish, Scandinavian, Canadian houses. The difference in names lies in geography. The designs of the kits are divided into 4 groups:
- Pre-fabricated parts are delivered to construction site, assembled, insulated and finished.
- Modules with minimal readiness. The building is assembled from blocks that have already been pre-sheathed on the outside, and the finishing, internal partitions, communications and ceilings are made directly on site.
- Partially sheathed modules. Ready blocks with cladding, windows and doors. They are installed on the foundation, finished inside and a roof is erected.
- Ready blocks. Their use is less common than the parts described above due to difficult delivery and high cost.
In practice, modules with minimal components are used; they are brought to the site and assembled according to the design. The price of such a house is $500 per square meter, which is why Finnish houses are popular. Finnish house projects are divided into:
- one-story with a total area of up to 100 square meters and costing from 70 thousand dollars;
- two-story with a total area of up to 100 square meters and costing from 110 thousand dollars;
- houses with a total area of more than 100 square meters will cost from 150 thousand dollars.
The budget option is classified as inexpensive buildings. This is a house with an ordinary roof and without any frills. They erect it quite quickly and without any particular difficulties. The budget option is perfect for country house. The photo shows a turnkey project budget option costing from 30 thousand dollars
Typically, turnkey homes include:
- kitchen;
- two bedrooms;
- Possibility of a sauna;
- construction and insulation of the frame;
- carrying out all installation work ( attic floors, rafter system, vapor barrier);
- installation of windows and doors;
- installation of a terrace;
- external finishing of the façade;
Individual projects are carried out by architects. A house built according to a special drawing will allow you to get:
- maximum comfort;
- functionality;
- savings in construction.
- choice of building style.
Important! Minor project change Finnish home may reduce its functionality, effectiveness and convenience.
Features of Finnish construction technology
House designs using Finnish technology have distinctive features in structural elements. The Finnish design is based on the following principles:
Fit the house into a rectangle. In the project, the house looks like a rectangle with load-bearing walls located along the outer perimeter of the building. Consequently:
- no need to build heavy load-bearing walls, because ceilings give emphasis to outer wall, performing the function of a building envelope;
- reducing heat loss in corners and at joints;
- reducing construction costs;
- strip foundation allows you to save up to 30% of the entire budget.
A one-story house is the optimal solution. One-story frame houses using Finnish technology allow you to:
- simplify the technology for installing the first floor, saving cost and construction time;
- increase usable area due to the absence of stairs;
- make the building safe (the presence of steep stairs can lead to injuries in children or the elderly);
- rational use of space at home;
- The attic space serves as a storage room.
Simple roof. The roof has one or two slopes, without canopies or projections. This allows:
- eliminate the possibility of leaks;
- reduce the cost of roofing materials and work;
- makes it possible to cover large spans of the building.
Comfortable height. The entrance to the house is located at the level of one or two steps, this allows:
- save materials during construction;
- secure entrance and exit to the building;
- simplify the design of the porch.
If you decide to expand your usable space and improve your living conditions, a Finnish frame house is an ideal and inexpensive option.