Blue primroses. First spring flowers: photos, names and descriptions of primroses

In early spring, your favorite garden lacks color. The lawn is just on the way to lush greenery, and the trees and shrubs are still sleeping. This is the time when in the flower beds and alpine roller coaster Primroses reign. We present to your attention the best early flowers for the garden with a wide variety of colors.

About the features of cultivation

All primroses have a special development cycle. During the period when all nature is reborn after winter and begins to actively vegetate, they have already experienced the most active phase of their life. This occurs in April-May depending on the type of plant and variety.

Primroses are always planted in open ground in the fall from September to November to in early spring admire their blossoms. Places chosen are open, drained, and sunny. Suitable areas are between stones, under trees that do not yet have leaves in the spring and the area is completely open to the sun.

Bulbs or plots of perennials are planted with the condition that in the summer their above-ground part will either be completely absent or lose its decorative effect. That is, you need to plant them in groups near summer ornamental plants and shrubs.

In the garden, an interesting option is to plant bulbs in the lawn. In a few years they will grow and will delight the eye with entire flowering meadows.

Primroses are not only beautiful plants, but also very easy to care for. They do not require watering or any agrotechnical measures. It is enough just to feed them 1-2 times a year and plant them if necessary.

Ultra early bulbous

There is still snow, but from under its cover the first messengers of spring - snowdrops - are beginning to break through, and in their place, one after another, other flowering bushes will delight us with bright colors.

Snowdrops

Snowdrops are the first to awaken from hibernation. Their white bell flowers appear as early as March, as soon as the snow melts. The botanical name of the plant is . Reproduces daughter bulbs or seeds. Prefers growing conditions close to natural. Terry varieties of snowdrops look especially impressive in the garden.

Groups of galanthus are planted under bushes, trees, and in partial shade, so that in summer the bulbs in the ground do not dry out in the scorching sun.

• crocuses:
• hyacinths;
• scillas;

Crocuses

This is one of the most numerous groups of spring flowers in terms of color. They come in yellow, blue, purple, pink, and also have a two-color color. Eat natural forms and hybrids, bred in Holland and having large flowers. Most often on personal plots They grow unpretentious Tommasini and Anchira. The plant grows quickly, as it forms numerous children after flowering.

Crocuses are like hyacinths and are great for early forcing in containers. To do this, in November they are planted in a light substrate with high content sand. By March the crocuses will bloom. For a spectacular appearance, plant 5-10 bulbs in a container.

Hyacinths

The bushes have not only an aesthetic appearance, but also a bright aroma, especially when it comes to Dutch varieties. In total, over the 5-century history of cultivation, more than 300 varieties of this plant have been bred. It is planted both in groups and individually on alpine hills or in combination with crocuses and tulips.

Muscari

The most unpretentious and bright primroses appear in the garden. Depending on the variety, they bloom from April to May. They bloom for about 1.5 weeks, after which the above-ground part dries out. planted in groups to create the effect of a flowering carpet. The predominant colors of the inflorescences are white, blue, and purple.

Scilla

A low-growing plant with small flowers fits in. The botanical name is scylla. Siberian Scilla has bright blue flowers and is widely represented in gardens. middle zone. Extremely unpretentious and ideal for a garden landscape designed in a natural style. All the plant needs is moist, light soil during the flowering period. When planting a blueberry in the garden, you need to be prepared to restrain its active growth.

Erantis

This plant is also included in the list of ultra-early bulbous plants. It blooms in April with bright yellow flowers with a diameter of only 2-2.5 cm, and does not lose its decorative effect even during snowfalls. The plant reaches a height of 10 cm. It must be planted in groups; in single plantings it does not look impressive.

The list of early flowers for the garden can be supplemented with such representatives as irises (reticulated), daffodils, and hazel grouse. The latter are the most numerous and are presented as dwarf species, similar to snowdrops, and large, reaching a height of 80-90 cm.

Daffodils

Representatives of the family are no less numerous in terms of varietal diversity. On the market you can find ultra-early bulbs and late ones that bloom in May. The most graceful among daffodils are:

Delicate irises

Iris reticulum is a dwarf representative of irises. The botanical name is iridodictium. It reaches a height of 10 cm, so I plant it in groups on or among the lawn.

Most bulbs do not need to be dug up. They can grow in one place for at least 5 years. The exception is plants that grow quickly and require more space. This also applies to tulips, which go deeper into the earth every year, causing the flowers to become smaller or not appear at all.

Tulips

The brightest and most long-awaited symbol of spring is the tulip. The plant is found both wild in fields and meadows, and cultivated. There are hundreds of developed varieties and hybrids. They differ in the size and color of the bulb, the height of the plant, the diameter and color of the flower, the timing of planting and flowering.

Tulip flowers can be goblet-shaped, oval, or cup-shaped. Petals can be simple, terry, or fringed. There are varieties that form several buds on one plant.

The earliest varieties of tulips that bloom at the end of March:

There are many more varieties of tulips that bloom from mid-April to the end of May. They are distinguished by a high stem up to 40-50 cm, a variety of shapes and colors of inflorescences. For abundant flowering they need moisture and nutritious soil. The more organic components it contains, the larger and brighter the flower will be, and the bulb will produce more children.

Grown in open ground and in containers. Bulbs are planted in the ground in October-November, depending on the region and weather. The soil temperature should not be higher than +10°C. The bulb must have time to take root before the onset of persistent frosts, but not develop the green above-ground part.

If the plant is used for container planting, the bulbs are planted in November and left in the cellar or other cool, dark room until January.

Plantings are watered 1-2 times per month to prevent the soil from completely drying out. In spring, tulips are fed 2 times with nitrogen and mineral fertilizers until flowering.

When the plant fades and the stem turns yellow, the bulbs are dug up, dried and stored in a ventilated area until autumn planting. Tulips differ from other early-blooming bulbs in that they are ideal for cutting and making bouquets.

Herbaceous early flowering perennials

Perennials are very convenient to grow, as they do not take much time and are usually less demanding than annuals. For several years in a row they occupy a permanent place in the garden, grow and delight with their decorative properties. Knowing the exact timing of flowering of plants, it is possible to form so-called gardens of continuous flowering, highly decorative throughout the warm season of the year.

Spring primrose

– the most numerous early perennial in terms of varietal characteristics. The first green leaves of the plant appear in March, and blooms from April to May. Primrose bushes are compact, from 8 to 20 cm in height. The inflorescences are simple or double white, yellow, burgundy. Propagated by dividing the bush and seeds. Can be grown in open ground and containers.

Among the variety of varieties, there are representatives with flowers similar to muscari, they are called muscariodes. There are so-called candelabra primroses, the peduncles of which are very tall, and the inflorescences are arranged in a circle in a ring.

The varieties are highly decorative:

Primulas are divided into early-blooming, mid-blooming and late-blooming, and some species bloom twice per season - in early spring and late summer.

Hellebore Caucasian

Hellebore differs from other early-flowering plants in that it is planted in the garden in early spring, as soon as the soil thaws a little. Its green remains decorative whole season due to dense and hard green leaves. The plant is frost-resistant, strong and highly decorative. It blooms starting from February in warm regions, and from April in cold regions. Hybrid varieties are used in the garden, which are distinguished by the variety of flower colors and their diameter. Hellebores can be white, purple, yellow and pink.

Anemone long-haired

Anemone – gentle and unpretentious flower, popularly called Anemone. It blooms in April with white, pink, pale purple flowers on tall stems. There are both simple and hybrid forms with double flowers. It grows quickly due to its creeping rhizome; most often its growth must be restrained. After the plant fades, the greenery of the bush remains decorative until the beginning of winter. In the long and warm autumn, the anemone blooms again.

Terry marsh marigold

Marigold is a resident of humid and swampy regions. In the garden it is used to decorate ponds. It is a compact bush with bright yellow flowers. Hybrids have double flowers.

Early and mid-blooming primroses include daisies, forget-me-nots, periwinkle, leotard and dicentra, whose flowers look like a broken heart. All of them are unpretentious and perfectly adapted to the climatic conditions of the middle zone.

Rare exotics

Adapted varieties do well in temperate climates tropical plants. One of them is Ornithogalum - a bulbous relative of hyacinth. The second name of the plant is Poultry Plant.

They winter well and are easy to care for. the following types this primrose:

Sanguinaria terry

Sanguinaria canadensis is a miniature flower that blooms as soon as the snow melts. Flowering is long - about 3-4 weeks. The flowers look like tiny water lilies. This is a member of the poppy family, native to North America.

The plant is shade-tolerant, frost-resistant, unpretentious. It is not affected by diseases and pests and reproduces in plots. In the garden it is planted under trees and shrubs and quickly grows to entire clearings.

Kandyk Siberian

Kandyk is a rare bulbous plant from the lily family, similar in appearance to cyclamen. It blooms in April, and both flowers and leaves with brown spots are decorative. Forms dense bushes 30-40 cm high. The peduncles are tall, on which drooping flowers with bent petals of white, pink, purple and other shades are located. Winter-hardy and unpretentious plant, originally from the northern regions.

Early flowers for the garden have one main advantage - they are highly anticipated when they bloom. They are the ones who symbolize the arrival of the long-awaited spring, even if there is still snow in the yard and the frost gets stronger at night.

Primroses in landscape design - video

The snow is just beginning to disappear, and the first spring flowers are already appearing in the garden. Many people look forward to them, as they become a decoration of the beginning of spring.

Snowdrops

Of course, it is impossible to list all the names of spring flowers. Snowdrop opens our list. This plant is not at all capricious; it begins to delight with its flowers when the snow is still sparkling nearby.

Snowdrops can be propagated by seeds or bulbs. will appear in the third year after planting.

If a person plans to transplant the bulbs, this should be done after flowering has passed. But some gardeners believe that the most best time It will be August for replanting.

Lilies of the valley

The names of spring flowers replenish lilies of the valley. They grow only in the forest, appearing near bushes where there is a lot of moisture. The plant belongs to the lily family. It pleases with its beauty for many years, as it is a perennial.

However, lily of the valley is also planted in the garden. Drop him off better in autumn. The soil should be fertilized and care should be taken to ensure that the roots are not bent.

There are different early spring flowers, their names differ, as does their care. But lily of the valley is unpretentious. The only thing it needs is moist soil. In such a habitat it will delight with its flowers. This plant has developed roots. Because of this, he is able to survive other plants, only bushes and trees cannot survive. Therefore, gardeners do not recommend planting lily of the valley along with other flowers.

Crocuses

If we talk about bulbous spring flowers (their names vary), we should not forget about crocuses. There are many types of them, each of which differs in the shape of the petals and their color. They should be replanted in the summer. The main thing is that the soil has neutral acidity. The place where the plant is going to be placed should be sunny.

They begin to be visible even when there is snow nearby. It looks especially beautiful if you plant plants in groups.

Scillas

When listing the names of spring flowers, we must not forget about blueberries. During the growing season, the bulb produces about 4 children. They are separated and transplanted. Scilla have beautiful bluish flowers. This plant is often planted on lawns, under bushes. It can create an unusually beautiful look.

Hyacinths

While listing each name of the first spring flowers, it should be noted that none of them compares with the beauty of hyacinth blossoms. This flower is propagated using small bulbs that appear on an adult plant several times a year. The emerging baby must be carefully separated during the rest period. After 2 years, the plant will delight you with its extraordinary flowers.

Dream-grass, spring clear grass

There are also such primrose flowers: spring clear, sleep-grass. They grow in meadows and dry sunny slopes. Sleep grass is also grown in the garden. To do this, seeds are planted. A dug up plant in the forest will not take root and will dry out. The seeds will germinate well in the ground where there is peat, sand, and fertilizer. This flower has long been listed in the Red Book, so it is worth taking care of it.

Grouse

The very first spring flowers are signs of the beginning of spring. They are particularly beautiful. Such plants are hazel grouse. They are variegated in color, and their flowers hang like umbrellas. It is easy to grow in the garden. The main thing is that the place is sunny, with nutritious soil.

But hazel grouse do not like strong moisture. Because of this, drainage must be placed in wet areas. To grow the plant in the garden, it is recommended to dig up the bulb every year.

Daffodils

Daffodils are also the name of the first flowers of spring. Their flowering is associated with the condition of the bulb. Therefore, those who want to plant daffodils in the garden should pay attention to it when purchasing. The plant needs nutritious soil and sun, does not like winds. Daffodils grow in one place for about 5 years, then they should be replanted. They look good if other plants are blooming nearby.

Hellebore and violet

Spring flowers are pleasing to the eye. The names “violet” and “hebore” are familiar to many. These plants are among the first to bloom.

Hellebore is a perennial with beautiful evergreen leaves. He has flowers different color, appear in April. They can be:

• white;
• burgundy;
• red;
• peach, etc.

This plant loves partial shade and does not tolerate damp places. But the violet reaches for the sun's rays. Its flowers are blue-blue.

By the way, liverwort is often confused with violet. It is also a spring flower that appears mainly in the forest. It is often covered in leaves or needles, so people who grow this plant in the garden should do the same. Liverwort grows in moist soil in the shade.

Pushkinia

Names of spring flowers include Pushkinia. Its flowering is very beautiful, which cannot be compared with any other plant. It is usually white with blue stripes. Pushkinia is a bulbous plant, which is why it is propagated using bulbs. Although there are options to use seeds. If a person decides to plant this flower in his garden, the best time for this will be autumn. But in winter the plant requires a warm place, then the seedling will be well preserved.

After the snow disappears, primrose also appears. Its inflorescences are very large and its leaves are oblong. The plant is not afraid of frost, but does not tolerate drought and very moist soil.

Daisies, lungwort

There are still some spring flowers. The names "daisies" and "lungwort" themselves evoke These plants also appear in early spring.

As for daisies, they grow short but large. There are several varieties, but they all radiate cheerfulness and brightness. They bloom in early May, and the buds remain throughout the winter. By the way, when growing in the garden, you should still cover daisies during the cold season.

But the lungwort surprises with its inflorescences, since they can be blue and pink at the same time. This plant is durable, as it lives for 30 years. It germinates in moist areas and is therefore difficult to grow in the garden.

Allium

Allium is also called decorative onion. Inflorescences appear on long stalks. This plant can decorate any area, and it is not difficult to grow. It blooms in late spring, but there are also species that delight with their flowers in autumn.

Growing spring bulbous plants

Most of the plants that bloom first are bulbous spring flowers. Their names are listed above. Each of them has its own originality and peculiarity. They all grow in the wild, but over the years people have begun to plant these beautiful flowers in their gardens, which are a delight to the eye in early spring. Those who want to decorate their summer cottage with similar plants should know how to grow them correctly.

Scales extend from the bottom of the bulb, with the help of which the flowers store water and substances. And the bulb is used for plant propagation.

The spring bulbous plant blooms in early spring. After flowering, it continues to develop and grow leaves. This happens so that the bulb absorbs the maximum amount useful substances. These plants enter a dormant period when all the leaves dry out.

One of the earliest flowers are tulips. They are especially often used for planting in gardens, parks, and public gardens.

Tulips

Tulips love illuminated areas that are not exposed to wind and where there are no drafts. This plant grows well in areas exposed to direct sunlight. For it to delight with its amazing colors, the sun must shine on it for more than half the day. Due to lack of lighting, the plant's bulbs are small, and the inflorescences are fragile and thin.

The tulip needs feeding, then it will grow healthy and beautiful. It should be carried out:

• after the tulip emerges;
• during the period of bud appearance;
• during flowering.

Of course, if fertilizing was applied in the fall, it may not be carried out further.

In order for tulips to bloom, it is necessary to dig up the bulbs every year when the leaves have already turned yellow. They need to be stored in a dry place, having first cleared the soil. To prevent the bulb from rotting, sand is poured to the bottom in the place where it is planted. Tulips are planted to a depth equal to 3 bulbs.

Spring flowers listed in the Red Book

Every spring, after the snow begins to melt, the first spring flowers appear. But some of them are on the verge of extinction, which is why they are listed in the Red Book. It is forbidden to pick, sell or buy them, as primroses are in danger. Many people do not pay attention to this and collect bouquets of flowers in the forests. This applies to snowdrops and lilies of the valley. You can visit the forest and just admire these flowers. Snowdrops are particularly at risk. Various legends have been created about them since ancient times.

Also disappearing 50 years ago it could be found in early spring throughout the country. Its flowers are painted burgundy; it grew in glades, in the Black Sea regions, on the slopes of low mountains. The plant sprouts in groups, and people began to pluck flowers in whole bouquets. Gradually its population decreased. Now the peony is rarely seen; most often it appears on the Black Sea coast.

Similar flowers include those that also bloom in spring. By the way, it is even used in perfumery. But its quantity is also decreasing, so it is worth taking care of the first spring flowers.

After a cold winter, the first shoots that appear from under the snow cover bring special joy. The main place in the spring garden is occupied by early flowering species. The bright colors of spring flowers attract insects, and even on cloudy days they enliven the landscape.

All primroses are divided into several groups depending on their morphological characteristics. There are biennial and perennial plants, as well as rhizomatous, herbaceous, bulbous and corm spring-flowering plants.

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Bulbous

Their peculiarity is that flowers grow from succulent storage plant organs - bulbs. The list of bulbous plants is very diverse. It includes both miniature species (scilla) and powerful plants about 1 meter tall (hazel grouse).

Modern ornamental gardening cannot do without representatives of this class. Both wild subspecies and varieties bred relatively recently are popular.

Spring whiteflower (Leucojum)

A low (15-20 cm) delicate plant, with colors and belt-shaped leaves reminiscent of a snowdrop. The flowers are bell-shaped, white with greenish markings at the tip of each of the 6 petals.



Whiteflower

Blooms in April, loves semi-shaded places. The bulbs have a short period of rest, after which fresh roots begin to form. Therefore, it is best to plant white flowers after the leaves turn yellow. It also reproduces well by seeds, which are spread throughout the area by ants.



Galanthus, snowdrop

Snowdrops - translated from English this name means “snow droplets”. Famous and beloved by everyone, one of the first to please the eye in spring. If a beauty connoisseur finds a secluded shady corner for it in the garden, galanthus will thank you for it regular flowering from snow thawed patches.



Galanthus

The most commonly found plant in gardens is the common snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis). In addition to the species form, several interesting varieties are grown:

• Flore Pleno - with terry crown;
• Sandhill Gate has 6 slightly bluish petals of equal length;
• Viridapice with a clear green heart-shaped pattern on the three inner petals and a more diffuse one on the outer ones;
• Snow White Gnome - according to the name, it is really snow-white miniature (up to 5 cm tall).

Due to the poaching of huge areas of the plant, it was listed in the Red Book.



Oriental hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis)

This series of primroses is famous not only for its colorful blooms and outstanding aroma. All varieties of hyacinths are easier to grow in pots than all bulbous crops. If desired, it is possible to grow a flowering ear of hyacinth even to New Year's holidays. In open ground it blooms in April, after snowdrops.



The most popular varieties:

• L "Innocence (from French "innocence") - snow-white;
• Ann Marie - soft pink;
• Pink Pearl (“pink pearl”) - pink with a darker stripe;
• Ostara has a blue-violet hue;
• Miosotis - pale blue;
• Jan Bos - raspberry.

Iridodictium, reticulate iris (Iridodictyum)

One can rightly call it a spring miracle. As soon as the snow has melted, its unusual small irises with a speckled beard appear from the ground. They bloom for only a few days, but so colorfully that the flowerbed comes to life, attracting the first awakened insects. After flowering, thin leaves appear like sharp skewers. This mini-iris prefers sunny places.



Iris reticulum

Some of the most notable representatives of the species include:

• Cantab - soft blue;
• Harmony - blue;
• Edward - blue-violet;
• J. S. Dijt - purple-violet;
• Pauline - bright blue.

No less popular is the Dunford iris with bright lemon flowers, which is earlier and more compact (up to 10 cm).

Muscari, mouse hyacinth (Muscari)

Flowering begins in the second half of spring. Belongs to a completely different species compared to hyacinth. Only the shape of the inflorescence is similar. Small tubular flowers sit tightly together on the stem, giving the impression that this is not a flowering plant, but a miniature bunch of grapes.



Interesting varieties:

• Fantasy Creation - blue-green;
• Christmas Pearl - purple;
• Blue Spike is a multi-flowered double silver-blue.

Narcissus

Due to the diversity of species and varieties, the flowering of this crop is extended: it begins in March and continues until the late May tulips bloom.



Narcissus split-crown

Main groups:

1. 1. Tubular. Combines plants with flowers that have a long crown - a tube. For example, Arctic Gold, Brighton, Las Vegas, Little Gem, Foresight.
2. 2. Large crowns with a wide large crown: Ice Follies, Armada, Velasques, Daydream.
3. 3. Small crowns: Amor, Barrett Browning, Rockall, Sabine Hay.
4. 4. Terry represents the most diverse range of flower shapes: only the crown can be double, or many wide petals are folded into one large flower. There are also multi-flowered double daffodils. Representatives of double daffodils: Ice King, Acropolis, Bridal Crown, Double Fashion, Rip van Winkle.
5. 5. Triandrusaceae. The earliest group with small flowers arranged 2-6 per stem. Perianth petals are bent, the crown is medium-sized: Ice Wings, Thalia.
6. 6. Cyclamenoides also have petals bent back, but their tube is narrow and long. Early dwarf group: Wisley, Jumblie, Tete-a-Tete.
7. 7. Jonquil daffodils bloom mostly late compared to other groups. They bear several small flowers on peduncles: Baby Moon, Bell Song, Sweetness, Hillstar
8. 8. Tatset. Round flowers with a short crown, 4-8 per stem: Grand Soleil d'Or, Orange Wonder, Scarlet Gem.
9. 9. Poetic. Late (May flowering): Actaea, Sarchedon.
10. 10. Narcissus Brandushka - bright yellow, has a large long crown surrounded by small sharp petals.
11. 11. Split-crown. The crown is large, strongly cut. The most popular group. Some varieties: Dolly Mollinger, Cassata, Orangery, Tricollet, Pink Wonder.

Species daffodils have found application in gardens with natural landscapes. Small and unpretentious, they grow, forming blooming pictures.

Scilla, Scilla

One of the first to emerge from under the snow. The species received its Russian name due to its tendency to grow on forest edges. Small blue flowers still peek out from under the snow.



Scilla

The genus includes about 90 species. In temperate and cold climates, some of them have become widespread:

• Siberian, also has white flowers.
• Bifolia and its subspecies with white, pink, soft and dark blue corolla colors.
• Lucilia, formerly called Chionodoxa, includes varieties of several tones.

Prefers sunny or semi-shaded areas.

Puschkinia

A small plant resembling blueberries. There are mainly 2 species grown in gardens - prolecoid and hyacinth. The first of them blooms in March, the second - after about 2 months.

A distinctive feature of Pushkinia is its small pale blue flowers with a dark blue stripe in the center of the petals.

Pushkinia

Hazel grouse, fritillaria (Fritillaria)

A rather unusual plant that blooms in mid-spring. The name is due to the color of the bell-shaped flower of some species: they can be checkered or painted, variegated, “pockmarked”. Of the many varieties used in ornamental gardening:

1. 1. Checkerboard - a low plant (up to 35 cm) with single flowers of white, reddish and purple tones, often with a checkerboard pattern. Flowering - late March - early April.
2. 2. Imperial (“royal crown”) - a powerful (up to 1 m) stem bears several large (6 cm) orange or yellow flowers, located at the same height under the top - a tuft of bright green leaves.

It is important to provide the hazel grouse with good drainage and fertilizing for stable flowering.



Imperial hazel grouse

Tulip (Tulipa)

The most famous bulbous plant allows you to admire the flowering from the end of March to May inclusive, depending on the flowering period. According to this criterion, varieties are divided into 4 groups: early, middle, late. 4th group includes wild species and varieties.



In addition to group affiliation, each variety is included in a specific class:

1. 1. Simple early ones. They are characterized by a height of 25-40 cm and a classic flower shape: Christmas Marvel (lilac-pink), Diana (white), General de Wet (orange), Prins Carnaval (yellow with a red flame), Ruby Red (rich red).
2. 2. Terry early ones grow up to 30 cm. Their bright colors and ability to hold a flower for a long time are valued by landscape designers and florists. Monte Carlo (yellow), Montreux (white), Queen of Marve (lilac-pink), Orange Princess (orange).
3. 3. Triumph. Includes varieties with a medium flowering period (from mid-April). The flowers are large, goblet-shaped, on high - up to 70 cm - strong peduncles: Gavota (dark red with a wide yellow border), New Design (pale pink with white-edged leaves), Happy Generation (white with a crimson flame), Lustige Witwe (crimson with silver edge), Mascara (ruby red).
4. 4. Darwin hybrids bloom a little later than the Triumph class. The most powerful of all - the height reaches 80 cm. Dawnglow (dense pink with an apricot edge), Ad Rem (red), Banja Luka (golden yellow with a red edge).
5. 5. Simple late ones are slightly lower than Darwin hybrids (50-75 cm) and later in flowering time (mid-May). Blushing Lady (apricot-yellow with a pinkish tint), Catherina (white), Queen of Night (purple-black), Aileen (yellow).
6. 6. Liliaceae - late series with sharp, bent tips of petals. Opening in the daytime, the flower really looks like a lily. Height - 50-60 cm. Adonis (red), Akita (cherry with white border), Ballade (yellow), Lilac Time (lilac).
7. 7. Fringed. They bloom at the same time as Darwin hybrids. Fabio (red with yellow fringe), Smirnoff (white), Valery Georgiev (carmine), Santander (pink).
8. 8. Green-colored tulips have a characteristic green pattern on the back of the petal. Flowering time is from mid-May. Artist (salmon pink), Dancing Show (yellow), Doll's Minuett (raspberry).
9. 9. Rembrandt tulips include all varieties with variegated colors: Saksia (yellow-red), Columbine (white-pink).
10. 10. Parrots are unusual in the shape of their petals, strongly dissected and bizarrely curved. Apricot Parrot (orange), Black Parrot (purple-black), Caland (cherry).
11. 11. Terry late flowers resemble peonies - large and bright. Flowering occurs in the second half of May. Blue Diamond (pearl lilac), Anfield (red), Angelique (pink).
12. 12. Kaufmana - the earliest class (bloom from early April). Their small height (15-5 cm) and large flowers with long petals make them especially attractive. Alfred Cortot (red, leaves with purple stripes), Ancilla (white with crimson back), Berlios (yellow with striped leaves).
13. 13. Foster is distinguished by even larger flowers in comparison with T. Greig. Height - 30-50 cm, flowering - from the end of April. Charley Kuntz (white with reddish back), Copenhagen (red).
14. 14. Greig - later long flowering and variegated leaves with speckles. They grow up to 35 cm in height. American Cocktail (red), Bella Vista (yellow with a reddish back).
15. 15. Wild species bloom early and are small in stature. Some are very fragrant. T.biflora (cream with a yellow center, star-shaped), T.gesneriana rosea (crimson).

A wide palette of shades makes it possible to create excellent colorful compositions. Many series are used for cutting and forcing. Dwarf varieties are ideal for a small flower bed.

Planting bulbous

The optimal timing is late summer - early autumn. The bulb has time to take root before the cold weather, and flowers appear in the spring. The dormant period occurs in late spring and summer. At this time, all life processes freeze. In regions with high summer temperatures, it is recommended to dig up tulip and hyacinth bulbs after the leaves turn yellow: this method will allow you to avoid the degeneration of hyacinths, when the bulbs become smaller, and the disease of variegated tulips, on which mosaic spots and stripes appear.

If you carefully consider the choice of planting material, its preparation and planting, you can ensure abundant flowering. After purchasing the bulbs, they are carefully inspected, damaged parts of the scales are cut out, and the sections are treated with crushed charcoal or an antifungal drug in powder.

When planting bulbs, their size is taken into account: the depth of planting from the bottom (the place where roots form) should be equal to the height of the bulb itself, multiplied by 3. On heavy soils (for example, clay), the depth is reduced by half or three times. In order to obtain more baby bulbs are planted higher. For full flowering, observe the standard location relative to the level of the soil horizon.

Often in markets you can see blooming scillas, tulips and other bulbous plants sold with bare root systems. This method of replanting cannot be called successful: during flowering, all the power of the plant is directed to the formation of offspring (seeds), the roots serve as powerful conductors of water and nutrients in this process. When digging, this process is disrupted, root system gets injured. This affects future flowering and growth vigor. In addition, you cannot expect instant beauty from plants: their flowers and leaves wither and turn yellow, and there may be no flowering next season. A good option there will be a purchase of bulbs grown in pots. In this case, the integrity of the roots is ensured, and metabolic processes in the bulb and aerial parts are not disrupted.

Since bulbous plants have retractable roots, with age the bulb itself ends up at too great a depth, which will certainly affect flowering. Therefore, plantings are renewed by planting bulbs at least once every 2-3 years.

Corms

Their difference is that instead of the mother corm, several daughter corms are formed. The main storage organ dies, and the children sprout next spring. Then each of them is divided according to the same principle.

Spring corms touch you with their simple beauty and tenderness. These are low plants with cup-shaped flowers. Petals - 6, curved with a rounded edge.

Crocus, saffron (Crocus)

Of the large number of species grown in gardens, botanical with small flowers of different shades and large-flowered, the diameter of its flowers reaches 5.5-11 cm.

The most famous varieties: Jeanne d'Arc (white), Negro Boy (deep purple), Pickwick (lilac with purple stripes), Flower Record (purple, flower size up to 11cm).

Crocuses are unpretentious, but grow better on loose nutritious soils. Need periodic seating.



Bulbocodium, brandushka (Bulbocodium)

Of the two types of fireweed, one blooms in autumn, the second blooms at the end of April - May. The petals are lilac-lilac, the flower resembles a crocus, reaches 7 cm in diameter.

Looks beautiful in group plantings. This species is planted once every 4-5 years.



Bulbocodium

Herbaceous perennials

Early-blooming, overwintering plants can tolerate low winter temperatures without harming their blooms. In most of them, the aerial part dies off late autumn, and in the spring new flowers and leaves appear. Other crops are evergreen - retaining their leaf mass throughout the winter.



Group representatives;

1. 1. Adonis, Adonis, colors the April meadows with bright yellow colors. A bright background is created by emerald green pinnately dissected leaves. Prefers sunny places and loose, infertile soils.
2. 2. Arabis (Arabis), requiring no care, pleases with abundant flowering. Caucasian arabis, which has a snow-white color, is used in garden design. To date, varieties have been bred with bright pink flowers(Lotti Deep Rose).
3. 3. Aubrieta, like Arabis, belongs to the cold-resistant Cruciferous family. Its compact habit attracts landscapers: one low, spreading plant can form a flowering lake. The group looks even brighter. Having overwintered under snow cover, the shoots of aubrieta are already covered in March with countless small (up to 2 cm in diameter) flowers of pink, lilac, purple, and lilac colors. Aubration is widely used in the design of rock gardens.
4. 4. Bergenia, heart-leaved bergenia. It is notable for its large, juicy shiny evergreen leaves and small pale pink flowers, which in the form of an umbrella-shaped inflorescence rise 40 cm. With age, the rhizome of bergenia becomes bare, so it is recommended to plant it once every 3-5 years.
5. 5. Hellebore (Helleborus). Black hellebore is widely used in cultivation, which has become the ancestor of many interesting variety series with white, red, green, purple-black, and pink flowers. They can be simple or terry, pure color and with dark specks in the middle. Evergreen. The leaves are palmate, dense, rich green in color. It is unique in that the flower stalks develop already in the fall, and in the winter they appear from under the snow. The root system is not very branched, so in adulthood the bush suffers when transplanted. It reproduces well by seeds, but young plants will bloom only in the 5th-7th year.
6. 6. Liverwort (Hepatica). In March, when almost all the vegetation is still dormant, small trees begin to appear. blue flowers. Later, heart-shaped leaves grow. Unpretentious culture, loves partial shade.
7. 7. Primula (Primula) - a genus with more than 500 species. In temperate climates, the following feel good: fine-toothed (spherical inflorescence of white, lilac, purple tones on a powerful plant); auricular with painted flowers, yellow center; high up to 20 cm and flowers about 2 cm. Polyanthus and stemless, which are so loved for their large flowers and compact bush, almost never overwinter in the ground. Primroses are propagated by fresh seeds and by dividing the bush.
8. 8. Fragrant violet (Viola odorata) is one of the first to greet spring in April. A stemless compact plant with small fragrant flowers. It self-sows well.
9. 9. Corydalis (Corydalis) is a flower of forest edges, where already in March it can form carpets of lacy leaves and fragrant flowers. One of its advantages is resistance to diseases and pests. After flowering and seed formation, the above-ground part dies off, leaving a rounded tuber in the ground, waiting for the next season.
10. 10. Spring grass (Ficaria verna) has a tuber-shaped rhizome, thanks to which it overwinters well and recovers, blooming at the end of March. The height of the plant is only 10-15 cm. The flowers are bright yellow and shiny. Soon after the 2-week flowering period, the plant sheds its leaves and goes dormant to open the next season with renewed vigor.
11. 11. Erantis, spring grass (Eranthis) is like a clearweed with a tuberous root and yellow flowers. Propagated by dividing the bush during the period after flowering. Blooms in April-May. Height - 15-20 cm.

Biennial flowering plants

Their peculiarity is that in the first year of life a rosette of leaves is formed, which overwinters and blooms in the early spring of the second year. With the onset of hot weather, the plant ages and dies.

The most favorite biennials among gardeners include viola and daisies. Most of their varieties have good winter hardiness. Flowering of well-developed bushes begins in the fall and continues after the snow melts. And during winter thaws, 2-year-old flowers create an unexpected colorful accent among the snowy thawed patches.

Viola, pansy (Viola)

Violas, which became descendants of the tricolor violet, have a very wide range of colors. Their flowers can be small (1.5-2 cm) and large (10 cm), and the bush has a compact or ampelous habit.

Modern selection has gone far ahead in terms of developing new groups and colors, and this makes it possible to widely use violas in landscape design. There is practically no color that is not available in one series or another.

Hybrid viola (Viola x Wittrockiana)

This group is characterized by large (5 cm or more) flowers. The color can be pure or patterned, combining in 2, 3 and even 4 colors within the variety. There are series of hybrids and varieties for early cultivation (Delta, Dynamite), and there are late large-flowered positions (Swiss Giants) that are resistant to heat and temperature changes (Mammoth).



Viola hybrida

Horned viola (Viola cornuta)

Its difference is a large number of small (up to 3-3.5 cm in diameter) flowers. Unpretentious and frost-resistant, it has a rich palette of colors - from pure tones (snow-white, yellow, blue, red, violet, lilac) to unusual combinations(series with a black eye, “antennae”, two-colored with contrasting upper and lower petals).

Varieties of horned viola give abundant self-seeding, which allows you to observe flowering without interruption: while the mother plant has not yet faded, seedlings are already gaining strength and will continue to grow almost until the fall of next year.



Horned violet

Daisy (Bellis)

Often grown as a perennial due to its ability to self-sow. Flower growers grow both old and new variety series, which include categories with needle-shaped, imbricated, semi-double, spherical and simple flowers.



Daisy

When growing 2-year-olds, special attention is paid to humidity. There are 2 simple rules that work here: do not water with cold water and do not wet the leaves at night. If they are not followed, it appears on the leaves. white coating, which indicates the development of a fungal disease - powdery mildew, which is difficult to get rid of.

Reproduction

Bulbous and corm plants are propagated by children - daughter or replacement bulbs formed as a result of division, budding from the mother.

2-year-olds are grown from seeds. It takes 10-18 weeks from sowing to the start of flowering.

Herbaceous species reproduce by seed and vegetative way. The latter includes several techniques: dividing the bush, cuttings, planting root suckers.

Care

Spring bloomers are characterized by laying flower stalks and storing nutrients in the season preceding flowering. For this reason, special attention is paid to watering (if necessary, in dry spring period) and fertilizing. Most plants in this group are responsive to organo-mineral fertilizers, but do not tolerate fresh manure. During flowering, the amount of potassium in fertilizing solutions is increased, with the formation and active growth of the root system - phosphorus, and with the development of leaves - nitrogen.

Mulching - effective technique to avoid the formation of soil crust. In addition, a unique microclimate is formed in the root zone, which promotes the active absorption of minerals, and the flowers grow wonderfully.

To prolong the flowering of herbaceous species and the formation of large storage scales in bulbous species, a technique called decapitation is used.

This operation consists of removing the heads of fully opened flowers. It is used to strengthen the root system, which will not consume a lot of resources for seed formation. The retained potential is spent on development more children in bulbous plants and a more powerful root system in herbaceous plants.

Pest control and disease prevention

Even during planting, attention is paid to the quality of seedlings and bulbs; sick ones are discarded due to the risk of further infection. It is useful to carry out pre-planting treatment with fungicides (antifungal drugs) and/or growth stimulants. For example, tulip bulbs are kept in a 0.5% solution of Fundazol for 30 minutes.

On heavy clay soils the root system often rots. To prevent this from happening, a 3-4 cm layer of coarse river sand is placed at the bottom of the planting holes and the soil is lightened. To do this, use compost or peat with neutral acidity.

Systematic weeding will not only rid the flower beds of weeds, but will also prevent infections from developing.

The larvae of the cockchafer cause great damage to plantings. To get rid of voracious insects, sticky traps are used and birdhouses are hung to attract birds into the garden.

Placing plants on the site

No matter how beautiful the flowers are, it is important to arrange them, taking into account several planting laws:

1. 1. Agrotechnical requirements. Those who love sunny flower beds should be planted in an open, well-lit area to avoid stretching. Shade-loving species are avoided for planting in the sun due to possible burns. The same principle works in the case of soil acidity requirements - calcephobes cannot tolerate alkalization and vice versa.
2. 2. Ease of care. You should not combine spring flowering plants in dense plantings with perennials or shrubs that need winter shelter. This will create additional difficulties and the likelihood of damaging green shoots.
3. 3. Aesthetic component. Consists in successful combination color shades and optimal configuration of flower beds. Following the first of these rules, compositions are made monochromatic or contrasting. The second involves planting plants of the same kind in groups, arrays, which will give a natural and colorful effect. Narrow, even rows will spoil the impression even when using rare, beautiful crops.

One of the main concepts of garden decoration is this: you need to take care of spring flowering in advance. Bulbous and herbaceous plants are planted in August-September, biennials begin to be sown in early or mid-summer, followed by picking in the fall to a permanent place.

When high-quality planting material has been purchased, timely planting has been carried out and the basic rules of care have been followed - in the garden or at the dacha, spring will sparkle with new, bright colors and bring inspiration.

Kandyk, or dog's tooth, is an original early spring bulbous plant of the lily family. The Greek name is erythronium, which comes from the word “erythros”, which means “red”, and apparently this was the color of the first plants found. There are 25 known species of erythronium. Habitat - in open areas of cool, light, moist forests of the temperate and subtropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere, some species are found in alpine meadows and mountain tundras. Most species grow in North America. Kandyk is distinguished by its unpretentiousness, frost resistance and high decorative compatibility with other bulbous flowers.

Narcissiflora Anemone - Anemone narcissiflora Inhabits high mountain meadows, often on limestone, in Colorado, north-central Wyoming, Alaska and the Aleutian Islands. Also found in central and southern Europe. The basal leaves are deeply dissected with pubescent stems up to 10-40 cm tall. The whitish to lemon yellow flowers appear from early June to mid-August, sometimes turning bright pink on the outside. The flowers have yellow stamens and can be solitary or in numbers from 3 to 8. The fruit is smooth, round with smooth black seeds.

Primula pruhoniciana - Primula x pruhoniciana hort. Variety Betty Greene Primula pruhoniciana - Рrimula x pruhoniciana hort. This name combines a group of varieties distinguished by early and very abundant flowering, rounded shiny leaves, which in some varieties have a brownish tint. Often these varieties and hybrids are classified as Juliae Hybrids. They bloom in March–April. The best varieties: Betty Greene - velvet-carmine flowers, Blue Rihaub - bluish-violet, Flens-burg - light yellow leaves in spring and very large pink-carmine flowers, Snow Blossom - soft cream flowers, etc.

ADONIS (ADONIS) fam. Ranunculaceae The plant is named after the Assyrian god Adon. Decorative qualities adonis were appreciated only at the end of the 17th century, and since then it has become a popular ornamental plant in gardens and parks. Homeland - temperate regions of Eurasia. About 20 (45) species are known. Annual and perennial herbaceous plants with simple or branched stems. The leaves are repeatedly pinnately or palmately divided into narrow lobes. The flowers are bright, yellow or red, solitary, located at the ends of the shoots; outer tepals of 5-8, inner tepals of 5-24 lobes; pistils are numerous.

Primula cardifolia Perennial with a short oblique rhizome and a tuft of brownish roots. The height of the plant is about 10 cm. The leaves are long-petiolate, light green, ovate-rounded with a heart-shaped base, large-crowned along the edge. The length of the leaves with petiole is about 10 cm, and leaf blade- about 3 cm. The flowers are violet-lilac, up to 3 cm in diameter, located one at a time on thin pedicels up to 10-15 cm high. Flower tube up to 2 cm long. Flower petals with a deep notch. Flowering begins in April, when the leaves have not yet unfolded, and continues until mid-late May. Sometimes observed in autumn re-blooming However, only a few flowers open. One of the most shade-tolerant and unpretentious primroses in culture. The varieties are united under the name Juliae Hybrids (Dark Juliae, Lilac Juliae, etc.).

Primula Sibthorpii - Primula Sibthorpii Hoffmsgg. (Primula vulgaris subsp. sibthorpii) Grows wild in the Caucasus, the Balkans and Asia Minor. Leaves are obovate, petiolate. The arrow does not develop; cetonose 12-14 cm long; corolla pinkish-lilac, 3-5 cm in diameter. Blooms profusely, 20-25.V for 30-35 days; bears fruit.

Rezuha Arabis - Pink variety (var. rosea hort.) Alpine Arabis - A. alpina L. = Arabis flaviflora Bunge In nature, it grows in the Polar Urals, the Far East, Northern Scandinavia, the highlands of Western Europe and North America. Perennial plant up to 35 cm tall. Generative shoots are ascending, vegetative shoots are strongly branched, pressed to the ground, in the form of thin lashes forming cushion-shaped clumps that do not die off in the winter. The basal leaves are oval, the stem leaves are heart-shaped, arrow-shaped, stem-embracing, grayish. The flowers are white or pink, up to 1 cm in diameter, fragrant, collected in a racemose inflorescence up to 5 cm long. Blooms in April - May for 25-30 days. Fruits in July. The fruit is a pod. Garden form Schneehaube (f. schneehaube) 10-25 cm high. The flowers are white, up to 2 cm in diameter, collected in a racemose inflorescence up to 15 cm long. Blooms in April for 25-30 days. In addition, it has a double variety (var. flore-pleno hort.), which is morphologically not much different from the original one, but its inflorescences are much larger and resemble the inflorescences of gillyflower. Flowers up to 2 cm in diameter. Blooms profusely from early May to mid-June. Pink variety (var. rosea hort.) - see photo, plant up to 20 cm tall, with pink flowers up to 2 cm in diameter. Inflorescences up to 12 cm long. Blooms from the end of April for 30-35 days.

Tulip Tulipa bifolia Multi-flowered tulip Tulipa bifolia A species tulip native to Central Asia. Several flowers on one peduncle. Light aroma. Prefers to be planted in a sunny place. Tulipa turkestanica - The Turkestan tulip is completely different from this one. It has a different shape and color of leaves, a single low peduncle.

Draba evergreen - Draba aizoides L. = Draba affinis Host = Draba beckeri A.Kern. (ssp.) Grows on limestone and dolomite slopes of mountains in Western and Eastern Europe at an altitude of 3600 m. Aizopsis group. Reaches a height of 5-10 cm, forming dense, low evergreen thickets of bright green color. The leaves are collected in a rosette, from which a short stem grows. Clusters of bright yellow flowers appear in March - April. An unpretentious species, it grows in any soil, but prefers poor, permeable, gravelly, non-acidic soil. Propagated by seeds and shoots. The seeds fall out quickly, so they are collected gradually as they ripen. Sow in April without any pre-treatment. Shoots appear on the 6th day at a temperature of 20 degrees. Seedlings are planted in separate pots and planted permanently in June.
place. Shoots can be propagated in June-August. Suitable for growing on gravel, in flower stone walls, in dry and sunny places, in mini rock gardens. It is winter-hardy without shelter, but does not tolerate stagnation of water in the soil. Tolerates light partial shade, but loves sun.

LAMP, or DREAM-GRASS (PULSATILLA) fam. Ranunculaceae Almost all shoots look organic in landscape gardens, in group plantings along the edges of pine and larch forests and forested areas, and on open lawns. It is promising to grow them on alpine hills and in rocky gardens. Adult lumbagos do not tolerate transplantation. Perhaps at least this consideration will keep you from wanting to dig up a wild specimen. Not to mention the fact that replanting lumbago from natural habitats is strictly prohibited.

Noble liverwort - Hepatica nobilis Mill. = Anemone hepatica Homeland - the European part of Russia, Western Europe, grows wild in the deciduous forests of the Moscow region. It grows in the forest zone in forests of various composition: broad-leaved, small-leaved, coniferous, mixed (spruce-broadleaf and spruce-birch). The primary habitat of the liverwort is considered to be broad-leaved forests. This is a non-moral Eurasian species. The plant has a fairly wide ecological amplitude, can withstand significant shading, but can also grow in completely open places, prefers moderate moisture, avoiding damp and excessively moist places. It is little demanding in relation to soil, but prefers places rich in lime, with well-developed litter. It often grows in soils with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction. Low-growing perennial plant up to 15 cm tall. Leaves are basal on long petioles, broadly triangular, three-lobed, leathery, glabrous or pubescent, dark green, young reddish-violet, obtuse or slightly pointed, overwintering under snow. The flowers are solitary, 2-3 cm or more in diameter, with 3-4 calyx-shaped bracts, on long leafless, pubescent peduncles. The tepals are bluish-purple, less often pink or white. It blooms simultaneously with the unfolding of leaves, in early spring for 20 days. Simultaneously with the appearance of flowers, old leaves gradually die off and are replaced by growing new ones. The fruit is a multi-nut with an appendage rich in oil. The liverwort reproduces primarily by seeds. Seed production from 20 to 64 seeds per shoot. After flowering, the pedicels lengthen and the flowers bend to the ground; the fruits are carried away by ants eating the succulent appendage. In natural habitats, seeds can germinate in the fall. In spring, oval green cotyledons up to 10 mm long develop, with a small notch at the top. The first true leaf appears in the growing season following germination. Its plate is dark green, three-lobed, covered with long silky hairs, like a long reddish petiole. The liverwort blooms in different habitats in the 4th to 7th year, in culture - in the 3rd year. IN natural conditions one adult plant can have 5-12 flowers, in cultivation - up to 150. Pollination occurs with the help of beetles and butterflies that eat pollen, since there is no nectar in the flowers. Liverwort is one of the early flowering plants in our forests; it blooms in April - early May, before new leaves appear. Flowering lasts 3-4 weeks, fruit ripening - 1-1.5 months. Generative organs are formed a year before flowering. By the first half of August, all parts of the flower in the bud are fully formed (tepals, anthers on threads, pistils are noticeable). In October, flowering shoots reach 1 cm in length. In culture since 1440. Has many forms. The most interesting are double ones, with dark blue and pink flowers. rich shade. These plants are characterized by a special splendor of flowering.

TURKESTAN PRIMFLOWER

The liverwort blooms in April, simultaneously with the very first spring flowers - coltsfoot, snowdrop galanthus, wolf's bast. Each of spring primroses They have their own tricks that allow them to start flowering without delay in the spring. The liverwort has at least two such tricks. On the one hand, thanks to the leaves that overwinter in a green state, it has the opportunity to take advantage of the very first rays of the sun. On the other hand, in nature she chooses places where there is a lot of sun before the trees unfurl their leaves. The roots of the plant, I note, lie shallow, in a quickly warmed layer of soil, which is also important.
What seems strange at first glance is that the flowers of the coppice bloom all at once, and not one by one, as many other plants do, and fade very quickly. The explanation for this is simple. The plant is in a hurry to bear fruit faster and throw seeds onto the still damp and bare soil. This way they have a better chance of germinating, which guarantees the flower's survival. It is curious that the erect peduncles of the liverwort lie on the ground after setting fruit. Immediately after flowering, the overwintered leaves of the liverwort wither, but to replace them, by mid-May, new ones grow - shiny, leathery.

Thank you for the photo and description

Spring flowers. Name and characteristics

After a long winter, spring flowers are especially beautiful. In central Russia, the first flowers bloom in mid-April (crocuses, scillas, some varieties of tulips). In May the number of flowers increases. Daffodils, later varieties of tulips, hyacinths, ground primroses, viola (pansies), forget-me-nots, soddy phlox and some others are blooming. At the end of May, peonies and oriental poppies bloom.

The variety of spring flowers is very large, but the first place among them rightfully belongs to the tulip. Its bright flowers are unmatched by other spring flowers.

Crocuses are often considered the first flowers of spring, but there are many small bulbous plants that are starting to bloom

even earlier. These plants have a small height and small flowers, but when planted in groups they create the same effect as, for example, tulips and daffodils.

Spring flowers by blooming time

Pansies (viola) are the most common flowers in garden landscaping. This biennial plant(annual in culture). Its maximum flowering occurs in the second year of life. Seeds are sown in the first half of July. By autumn, as a rule, the seedlings are already ready. It is planted in a permanent place at the end of September or early spring. Pansies bloom from early spring to mid-summer. When sown in early spring, viola blooms at the end of summer, but does not bloom profusely. Among the varieties of pansies, the most distinguished are Abendglut (dark red), Mars (dark blue), Himmelkönig (blue), North Pole (white), Helios (yellow), etc. Pansies are most often planted in the form of continuous flower beds, ridges or spots on the lawn.

Arabis alpine

Alpine Arabis, or rezuha, is a perennial low growing plant. The flowers are white, simple or double. Stems are semi-recumbent with ash-gray leaves. Arabis blooms profusely, almost completely covering the leaves with white inflorescences, starting in April. Flowering duration is 2-3 weeks.

The plant is very winter-hardy and unpretentious, suitable for planting on rocky hills, ridges, mixborders and along paths.

Propagated in autumn or spring by dividing bushes, early summer cuttings, and seeds. Cuttings take root well after flowering.

Badan

Bergenia, or bergenia, is a perennial plant native to Altai, which determines its high winter hardiness. Bergenia leaves are large, round, shiny, decorative, dark green. The flowers are purple-pink in color, rising 20-30 cm above the leaves on the peduncle. It begins to bloom in the first half of May. Flowering duration is 2-3 weeks. Since there are still relatively few other colors at this time, it seems to fill the “gap”. Propagated by seeds and division of bushes. Sowing seeds - autumn and spring. It is best to divide the bushes early autumn.

In decoration it is used for planting on ridges, along paths, in groups, mixborders, as a border, as well as on alpine hills.

Periwinkle pubescent

Periwinkle pubescent - ground cover plant with creeping, weakly branched stems. The leaves are pointed, ovoid in shape. The flowers are solitary, large, violet-blue in color. It blooms from mid-May for 15-20 days.

The plant reproduces vegetatively. Can be propagated by cuttings in July-August.

Periwinkle grows, blooms and is spectacular in neutral, well-drained soils.

Spring whiteflower

Spring whiteflower is found in nature along the edges of beech forests in Central Europe. This is a bulbous perennial up to 20 cm high. The bulb is ovoid in shape. The leaves are broadly lanceolate. Flowers are single or paired, white, drooping, with a pleasant scent. Petals with green or yellow tips. Blooms from April for 3-4 weeks.

The plant has been cultivated since 1420. Most famous variety— Carpaticum. The flowers are large, with yellow spots on the petals.

Brunnera sibirica

Brunnera sibirica is a perennial winter-hardy plant native to Altai. Has large heart-shaped leaves. Blooms in early May (3-4 weeks). The flowers are bright blue, collected in fairly tall clusters, their color reminiscent of forget-me-nots. It propagates well by dividing bushes, which grow very quickly. It is necessary to divide the bushes every 2-3 years, in autumn and spring. But it is best to do this in early autumn, then in spring the flowering will be more complete.

In decoration it is used in groups, at discounts and in mixborders.

Vesennik

Springweed, or erantis, is a plant with yellow, cup-shaped flowers that fill the air with a honey-like aroma. The flowers are solitary, appear in early spring (April-May), breaking through the snow, and bloom for up to 8 weeks.

Hyacinth

Hyacinth is a perennial bulbous plant that can be grown both in open ground and indoors. Found naturally in the Mediterranean and the Middle East. There are more than 30 wild species.

In central Russia, hyacinths begin to bloom in early May, which coincides with the flowering of early varieties of tulips. Flowering duration is 25 days.

The disadvantage of hyacinths is that they are not winter-hardy and in the conditions of central Russia they require shelter for the winter.

Iris reticulum

Iris reticulum - fragrant flower purple color. This is the earliest type of irise.

The flowering period lasts from late February to early April.

There are varieties with flowers of white, yellow and light blue. The leaves are tender and herbaceous.

Crocus

Crocus, or saffron, belongs to the group of bulbous early spring plants. It blooms a little earlier than daffodils and tulips. But the flowering time is only 8-10 days.

The plant reproduces by bulbs, and planting and caring for it are similar to tulips. But unlike tulips, crocus bulbs are planted somewhat denser and at a shallower depth, taking into account their size.

Daisies

Interspersed with daisies will help give lawns a very unusual, star-shaped look. To do this, flower seeds are sown simultaneously with sowing lawn grass or later. They bloom during May-June.

Daisies are good for planting along paths, in the form of borders.

The plant self-sows, so it blooms annually.

Daisy seeds are sown on the ridges in July and then planted. They are planted in a permanent location in September or early spring.

Lungwort angustifolia

Lungwort blooms in the garden in April-May. Flowering duration is 3-4 weeks. Its bright purple-pink buds and half-open flowers look very beautiful. Especially against the backdrop of green foliage.

Lungwort grows well in moist soil and is demanding of fertilizers. Propagated by seeds and division of long rhizomes. Collecting lungwort seeds is quite difficult, as they ripen slowly and fall off almost immediately.

Narcissus

Daffodils bloom almost simultaneously with tulips. Flowering duration is 2 weeks. These are beautiful, usually white flowers that attract attention with their grace. Some varieties of daffodils have a pleasant subtle aroma. Of the many groups of daffodil varieties in our conditions, the most stable are the so-called poetic ones.

Rusty-spotted sedge

Rusty-spotted sedge - suitable plant for borders, as it holds the edge of plantings well. Blooms in April (3-4 weeks) with bright pink flowers. Sedge grows very slowly and forms a cover up to 20 cm high. The decorative value of the plant increases during flowering.

Propagated by seeds and dividing the bush in August.

Primrose

The large-cupped primrose, or primrose, is a plant approximately 10-20 cm high, with bright yellow flowers collected in an umbellate inflorescence. Blooms in late April - early May. Flowering duration is 3-4 weeks.

The plant propagates by dividing the bush and seeds. Grows well in shade and open sunny areas.

Common snowdrop

Snowdrop is a low, modest plant that is the first to appear (March-April) after winter in our gardens. Flowering time is 3-4 weeks. It first produces a pair of linear leaves, and then blooms with drooping white bells. He is not afraid of snow and spring frosts.

Snowdrop is one of the earliest flowering plants, sometimes breaking through the layer of snow.

Primrose ground

Ground primroses are perennial winter-hardy plants. They begin to bloom in May (4 weeks). They have a wide variety of colors.

The most common types of primroses are serrated, tall and auricula. They are propagated in two ways: by seeds and by dividing bushes. Seeds are sown in early spring, and the bush is divided in August-September.

Primroses don't like bright things sunlight, preferring partial shade. It is best to plant them next to shrubs and trees.

Tulip

There are more than ten thousand varieties of tulips in the world's assortment. They differ in color, height, flowering time and other characteristics.

The varieties bred in Holland are especially beautiful: Bolshoi Theater, London, Parade. They are distinguished by bright red, very large flowers. The varieties of domestic selection are no less beautiful: Garnet bracelet, Violet glass, Effect, Raspberry ringing.

Tashkent tulips are the first to bloom in April. botanical garden(Lyubov Shevtsova, March 8 and Sunrise). Then come the later varieties: Dillenburg, Yunms, Alaska. They begin to bloom at the end of May. The flowering time of each variety is 10-15 days.

With the correct selection of early and late varieties you can have blooming tulips for 1.5 months.

To get the maximum decorative effect, you can plant single-varietal tulips in groups. different sizes depending on the area of ​​the flower garden. Blooming tulips look especially good against the background of a lawn.

They go well with forget-me-nots and pansies.

To ensure that there are no voids left in the flower garden after flowering, seedlings of annual summer-blooming plants are planted in their place.

Phlox soddy

Phlox turf is a perennial herbaceous plant. It has hard subulate-shaped leaves that densely cover the recumbent stems, forming a dense carpet 10-12 cm high. Phlox begins to bloom in May with numerous star-shaped flowers of pink, blue and white colors. Flowering duration is 30-40 days, in some cases slightly longer. After flowering, the plants do not lose their decorative properties, thanks to the carpet formed by dark green leaves.

The advantages of this plant: winter hardiness, drought resistance, ease of care, ability to tolerate bright sun and partial shade, ease of reproduction, rapid growth. Phlox propagates mainly by early summer cuttings of stems, less often by dividing bushes.

In decoration it is used to create perennial carpets, lawn stains, borders, and also in rocky flower beds.

Chionodoxa

Chionodoxa, or snowman, is one of the first spring flowers. It comes in several color options, and each has its own characteristics. The plant is characterized by exceptional winter hardiness. It is easy to grow.

Chionodoxa are not tall and are found in nature in the mountainous regions of Asia Minor and southern Turkey. Blooms in early spring (April-May). Flowering duration is 2-3 weeks. There are 10-15 wide bell-shaped flowers on a thin stalk of a peduncle. During flowering, it appears as a lush “basket” filled with flowers and lined with bright emerald-colored leaves.

➣ Turf phlox, bergenia, arabis alpine, and brunnera sibirica still occupy an insignificant place among spring flowers, but they deserve attention. Distinctive features of these plants are exceptional winter hardiness and early flowering.