Profession Weaver: description, necessary skills and qualities. Youth Personnel Center

A weaver or weaver is a specialist in the textile industry, engaged in the production of fabrics on a special loom.

Wage

20.000–30.000 rubles (worka.yandex.ru)

Place of work

The position of weaver is represented in textile factories. Often masters work individually at home or in small workshops.

Responsibilities

Modern textile production is a large workshop, consisting of many weaving machines. The work is automated, the weaver only needs to go around the workshop, monitor the quality of the finished product and, in the truest sense of the word, listen to the work of the machines. The weaver maintains the machines, adjusts the tension of the thread, eliminates breaks, changes shuttles, removes the finished product. Sometimes you need to fix minor technical issues.

Work on a manual machine is possible in a private workshop. Such work is always valued much higher, but it requires much more time and labor costs.

Important qualities

The profession of a weaver requires such qualities as: excellent eyesight and good hearing, dexterous fingers, physical endurance, good health and no allergies to chemicals.

Reviews about the profession

According to experts, the light industry in Russia is constantly developing, which means that there will be no shortage of jobs in the near future. Most modern weavers are hereditary craftsmen. The work of some is highly respected and often highly paid.

stereotypes, humor

The profession is considered primordially feminine. The only thing that has changed since ancient times is technology.

Education

To become a weaver, you need to get a professional education in a specialized school or college. In the future, you can continue your studies at the university in the specialty "Technology of textile products." The direction is presented at the St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design.

Moscow universities: Russian State Geological Prospecting University named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, Moscow Polytechnic University, Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanov, Russian State University. A. N. Kosygina (Technology. Design. Art).

Details Updated: 14/04/2019 10:50 Published: 08/05/2017 11:04

A weaver is a specialist in the textile industry who is engaged in the manufacture of fabrics using a loom.

Profession history:

Profession weaver originates from the Stone Age. The forefathers of modern weavers were people who tried to make fabrics by interweaving plant fibers, vines, strips of leather and other materials.

During excavations near the Turkish village of Chatal Huyuk, archaeologists managed to find a sample of linen fabric. As the research results showed, the material was made 6500 BC. The first looms were mechanisms, the basis of the fabric on which was in a vertical position and was tied to the horizontal branches of low trees. At ground level, the threads were fixed with stones. Small pegs were often used as a support. The weft was woven with the warp by hand. Starting from the 5th millennium BC. e, the craftsmen actively used manual machines, which were periodically upgraded.

In 1733, the world saw the invention of the Englishman John Kay - a loom with the so-called "shuttle-plane". Thus, it was possible to make a breakthrough in the textile industry. Factory spinning continued to develop steadily.

Profession features:

Predominantly women work in this area. Weavers are engaged in the manufacture of ribbons, ribbons and fabrics of various kinds. Technical equipment is selected in accordance with the types of manufactured products and the type of their weave.

Today, automatic equipment operates in the textile industry. Manual or mechanical machines with a foot drive are used in the field of handicraft production. This is a very painstaking work, which requires perseverance and precise movements from the master.

Due to its specificity, work as a weaver is quite complex. Such work is contraindicated for people who suffer from diseases of the heart and respiratory organs. Violation of the musculoskeletal system or the presence of an allergy also prevents the successful passage of professional selection.

Responsibilities:

The weaver is a specialist who must monitor the level of product quality. The master maintains the machine, sets the optimal level of thread tension, eliminates breaks and changes shuttles, and also removes the finished product. Refueling the loom, collection and delivery of waste are also included in the list of duties of the weaver. In some cases, it is necessary to quickly eliminate minor technical malfunctions.

With multi-station service, the weaver must choose the most optimal route and sequence of work. For this reason, an experienced specialist is distinguished not only by sleight of hand, but also by deliberation of actions.

Important qualities:

• responsibility;
• accuracy;
• excellent vision;
• accurate eye gauge;
• no hearing problems
• fine motor skills are developed;
• attentiveness;
• endurance.

Skills and knowledge:

The weaver is a specialist who must know the principle of operation of the machine and its design, as well as the key features of the fibers used and finished fabrics. It requires the ability to quickly eliminate minor equipment malfunctions in the course of work, to carry out thread and wire scraping. The weaver should be able to determine by ear the nature of the work of the loom in order to prevent its possible failure.

Suitable educational specialties: Knitter; comber; Spinner; Ribbon.
Key items: The device of machine tools; Properties of the fibers used; received fabrics.

Tuition fee (average in Russia): 20,000 rubles

Job description:

*tuition fees are per course.

Weaver (weaver)- a master in the production of fabrics on a loom.

Features of the profession
In its modern form, this is mainly a female profession.

Weavers work on looms, which are both manual and mechanical and automated.
On the machines, you can weave carpets, tapestries, linen, ribbons, braid. Each type of product and type of weave requires a specific machine.

Modern textile production is based on automated machines. One weaver serves several machines at once: prepares them for work, changes shuttles with yarn, adjusts its tension, and eliminates breaks. When the canvas is ready, remove it from the machine.
An experienced weaver can identify a malfunction in the loom by sound, evaluate the quality of the thread by touch and by eye.
The working day of such a weaver passes in constant walking between the machines.

On the other hand, working with a manual or foot-operated machine requires painstaking work and means sitting in one place for a long time.
Such machines are still used for handicraft production. For example, to create handmade carpets. For the manufacture of highly artistic, ornamental and plot carpets, vertical and horizontal manual looms are used. The warp threads are stretched over the frame, weft threads are passed between them.
In handicraft production, weavers may adhere to certain traditional patterns or work according to the sketch of the artist, according to their own drawing.

Historical reference

People learned to weave even before the advent of yarn, in the Stone Age, weaving plant fibers, creepers, strips of leather, etc.
In ancient Greek and Roman literature, the literature of China, India, Asia Minor and Egypt, there is evidence that weaving existed at that time.
The oldest known fabric is considered to be linen fabric, made around 6500 BC. e. It was discovered during archaeological excavations near the Turkish village of Chatal Huiyuk.

On the first weaving devices, the warp of the fabric was located vertically and tied to the horizontal branches of trees. At the ground, the threads were fixed with stones or pegs. The duck was intertwined with the warp by hand.
Already in the 5th millennium BC. e. hand looms were used, which over time became more complicated and improved.

In 1733, the Englishman J. Kay invented a loom with a flying shuttle ("shuttle-plane"), which doubled the productivity of weaving. This was the beginning of the industrial revolution in the textile industry. Home spinning gave way to factory spinning.

In 1786, the English priest E. Cartwright invented a fully mechanized loom, in which he combined all the basic operations of hand weaving. With its appearance, weavers began to serve several machines at the same time. In 1789, he began to use a steam engine in his factory of 20 machine tools.
Today, automatic machines work in the textile industry.

Workplace
Weavers serving automated machines work in textile factories.
Masters of hand weaving work individually or in small workshops for the production of tapestries, carpets, etc.

Salary pay

from 25 000 rub. up to 40,000 rubles

Important qualities

A weaver needs good eyesight, an eye, dexterity of fingers. When working with automated machines, you need good hearing, because. the sound can determine the nature of the machine. Requires physical endurance.
Health. The weaving shop is a very noisy place. This can be bad for your hearing.
Diseases of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, allergies, hearing and vision problems are a contraindication for such work.

Knowledge and skills
It is necessary to have skills in working on machine tools, to know the design of machine tools, the properties of the fibers used, the resulting fabrics, and to be able to eliminate minor breakdowns in the process.

Where do they teach
To work as a weaver in a factory, it is enough to have an initial vocational education (VET), which can be obtained at a vocational school.

The next stage of education - secondary vocational (SVE) - allows you to get the specialty "Technology of textile products" (qualification "Technician").
You can learn it in a college or technical school.

Description:

Weaver (weaver) - a master in the production of fabrics on a loom. In its modern form, this is mainly a female profession.

Weavers work on looms, which are both manual and mechanical and automated. On the machines, you can weave carpets, tapestries, linen, ribbons, braid. Each type of product and type of weave requires a specific machine.

Historical reference

People learned to weave even before the advent of yarn, in the Stone Age, weaving plant fibers, creepers, strips of leather, etc.

In ancient Greek and Roman literature, the literature of China, India, Asia Minor and Egypt, there is evidence that weaving existed at that time.

The oldest known fabric is considered to be linen fabric, made around 6500 BC. e. It was discovered during archaeological excavations near the Turkish village of Chatal Huiyuk.

On the first weaving devices, the warp of the fabric was located vertically and tied to the horizontal branches of trees. At the ground, the threads were fixed with stones or pegs. The duck was intertwined with the warp by hand.

Already in the 5th millennium BC. e. hand looms were used, which over time became more complicated and improved.

In 1733, the Englishman J. Kay invented a loom with a flying shuttle ("shuttle-plane"), which doubled the productivity of weaving. This was the beginning of the industrial revolution in the textile industry. Home spinning gave way to factory spinning.

In 1786, the English priest E. Cartwright invented a fully mechanized loom, in which he combined all the basic operations of hand weaving. With its appearance, weavers began to serve several machines at the same time. In 1789, he began to use a steam engine in his factory of 20 machine tools.

Modern textile production is based on automated machines. The main task of the weaver is to prevent unnecessary downtime of the machines (quickly eliminate accidental thread breaks, prevent marriage, and quickly eliminate it if it occurs). The weaver checks the quality of incoming threads by number and color, performs preventive work to prevent breakage of the warp (longitudinal) and weft (transverse) threads, fabric defects, controls the density of the fabric and the accuracy of the weave pattern. Widespread multi-station service.

The weaver not only visually observes the looms, but also listens to their work, identifies malfunctions by sound. With the acquisition of professional experience, the sensitivity of the fingers of the worker's hands increases. Weavers subtly feel the quality of the thread and fabric by touch.

The work of a weaver is not only physical. One of the important mental tasks is the right choice of the machine maintenance route. When choosing a route, the weaver takes into account many factors: the operating modes of the machines, the quality of the threads, the humidity and temperature of the air in the workshop, information about the operation of the machines in the previous shift. Knowing how to take into account all the information, the weaver quickly, "on the go" mentally builds the desired route and, in accordance with it, makes a round of the machines. Therefore, an experienced weaver is distinguished not only by the speed of her hands, but also by the thoughtfulness of actions, the accurate prediction of events, which means a small proportion of accidents in the workplace.

Place of work

Weavers serving automated machines work in textile factories.

Masters of hand weaving work individually or in small workshops for the production of tapestries, carpets, etc.

Responsibilities:

• The weaver carries out the production of decorative products and floor paths with one-color enumeration on hand looms.
• It manufactures metal and synthetic nets from wire and synthetic threads of various grades for pulp and paper production on metal looms in accordance with established state standards.
• Prepares and refuels serviced machines.
• Produces a punching of the main threads and wires into shafts and reeds, takes part in the sampling of the warp on the serviced machines.
• Ties shafts according to the dressing pattern and steps to shafts.
• Regulates the supply and tension of the warp, weft density.
• Eliminates the breakage of warp and weft threads, wire, yarn.
• Changes the spool in the shuttle.
• Closes up defects in the product, ties the bases.
• Controls the state of the shuttle.
• It cleans products from the ends of the threads.
• Carries out the removal of accumulated products.
• Cuts and rolls nets into rolls.
• Collects and disposes of waste.
• Maintains serviced machines.

Requirements:

Important qualities

A weaver needs good eyesight, an eye, dexterity of fingers. When working with automated machines, you need good hearing, because. the sound can determine the nature of the machine. Requires physical endurance.

Professional knowledge and skills

It is necessary to have skills in working on machine tools, to know the design of machine tools, the properties of the fibers used, the resulting fabrics, and to be able to eliminate minor breakdowns in the process.

Education

To work as a weaver in a factory, it is enough to have an initial vocational education (VET), which can be obtained at a vocational school.

The next stage of education - secondary vocational (SVE) - allows you to get the specialty "Technology of textile products" (qualification "Technician"). You can learn it in a college or technical school.

In the preparation, the ProfGuide material was used: a list of professions and their description

Today in the online lesson we will learn about the profession weavers, carpet weavers, seamstresses, lace makers.

Weaver - a master in the production of fabrics on a loom. IN in modern form it is mostly femaleprofession. The weaving method itself appeared in the Stone Age. Initially loom was vertical (Fig. 1).

fig.1 fig.2
fig.3

Until the 19th-20th century, weaving was one of the most common household activities in the traditional cultures of the peoples of Russia and neighboring territories. It was used mainly in the manufacture of linen and hemp canvas for underwear, cloth for outerwear, as well as belts and finishing braid (Fig. 2).

Nowadays, the main part of fabrics is produced industrially on various mechanical, automatic and special looms (Fig. 3).

carpet weaver- V hand weaving on vertical manual carpet looms produces pile, lint-free sumakh carpets, rugs of varying complexity. Checks the quality of the yarn, fills the machine with the warp. When developing a pile carpet according to a pattern, it creates a pile part of the carpet by knitting multi-colored knots in rows, lays and compacts the weft thread, straightens and cuts the pile until it reaches the desired height and uniformity. When developing a lint-free carpet, it forms a patterned part by laying and nailing the weft thread, adjusts the tension of the warp, controls the quality of the carpet, ties the fringe.

Painting "Kurush carpet weavers" per square metercarpet weaverstie up to 1.5 million knots.

Seamstress

There is such a profession, without which it is impossible to do without in the modern world. This profession is called a seamstress. Every day we put on clothes, usually without thinking about the people who make them for us. About how long ago the profession of a seamstress appeared, what features it has and what tools a seamstress works with, we will talk now.Read ..http://detskiychas.ru/rasskazy/professiya_shveya/ .

Charles Moreau The knitting lesson

Seamstresses at work.

Lacemakers

Lace- decorative elements made of fabric and threads, this is a mesh through fabric, consisting of an interweaving of thread patterns, in the form of various ornaments and figures, flowers, leaves, images of animals and birds, and even entire everyday scenes that characterize their contemporary era.
A common feature of all types of lace is an openwork pattern formed by a variety of weaves of threads. Lace is used in the design of clothes and for decorating women's underwear, as well as in interior design in the form of decorative panels, tablecloths, tulle, bedspreads.

Lace weaving is done using chiseled sticks called bobbins . They are usually thickened at one end, and at the other they have a neck with a button for winding threads. Bobbins come in various sizes, thicknesses and shapes, depending on the thickness of the threads and the requirements of the country where the lace is produced. The pattern that is woven is first drawn on smooth thick paper or parchment and pierced in those places where pins should be stuck in, on which the thread lingers and is fastened. These drawings are called chips.In addition, the craftswoman still needs a pillow, on which they prick chips.

Lacemakers Painting by Victor Luzanov "Yeletslacemakers"