Combined cottages. Projects of combined houses made of brick and timber: the comfort of wood, the strength and reliability of stone

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The abundance of technologically advanced building materials and a variety of design solutions make it possible to create combined houses made of stone and wood, the designs of which combine the environmental friendliness of natural solid wood and the strength of brick. The customer of such buildings receives an aesthetically pleasing and affordable building.

Classic combined house: a combination of a plastered first floor and a wooden superstructure

At the current stage of market development, combined houses are one of the options for quickly building a modern country house on a limited budget. Visual and functional characteristics are not inferior to more expensive projects.

History of combined houses

The first mention of the use of combined materials in the construction of houses dates back to the 15th century, when houses made of stone and wood first appeared in the northern and mountainous regions.

European tradition in construction combined houses- these are half-timbered dwellings that were erected on the territory of Eastern Europe and Scandinavia.

Distinctive feature Such buildings consist of erecting a massive wooden frame, which is then filled with natural stone.

The combination of a solid stone foundation (or plinth) and bright elements made of natural wood not only looks aesthetically pleasing, but also allows you to create a durable home that can withstand harsh conditions. weather. In medieval Austria and Germany half-timbered houses often used for city buildings.

A modern interpretation of a classic half-timbered house

Chalets are a variant of combined houses, common in the mountainous suburbs of Europe. It is believed that the Alps were the birthplace of the chalet, and the first houses of this style were built by shepherds. During the period of the 16th-17th centuries, solid and spacious buildings that could easily accommodate several generations of families were made of stone and wood, with exterior decoration made of limestone. Unlike half-timbered houses, the roof of the chalet was quite low and sloping, due to which interior spaces reliably protected from bad weather. Upper floors the houses were built from massive pine timber, which darkened over time, giving the appearance of the home an even more majestic appearance.

A Swiss chalet is one of the ways to style your home in an original way

Modern construction of combined houses made of timber and brick, with all the variety of technologies, has not undergone significant changes. The foundation and ground floor are still based on stone structures, the frame is still made of durable wooden beams, and the external finish often imitates traditional plaster.

Video description

Features of combined chalet houses on video:

Features of the combination of materials in the construction of combined houses

Modern combined houses are made from various modifications stone or concrete on the first floor, and wood on the second.

Traditionally, ground floor made from natural or artificial stone, foam or gas blocks, monolithic reinforced concrete structure, bricks and even frame-panel structures. Last option belongs to the economy class category, and has reduced strength, making the construction of buildings higher than 3 floors unacceptable. First floor of combined houses of average price category used for placement utility rooms: kitchen, boiler room, garage. If the owners are planning a fireplace design, it is also recommended to place it on the ground floor.

Technical structure of the basement floor of a combined house

Living rooms are traditionally located on the second and third floors, made of natural wood. Popular materials for fire protection and anti-corrosion treatment wood retain the pleasant appearance and functionality of the material. Therefore, finishing work is most often limited to covering the walls with transparent varnish, as well as installing additional elements decor.

Common combinations of materials for such houses

A combination of a reinforced concrete structure, trimmed with stone, at the base of the house, in which the ground floor is arranged, and a superstructure made of rounded logs. This combination not only looks respectable, but also ensures durability and environmental friendliness of the entire building. Houses made of timber and stone are the most durable and expensive construction option.

A house made of timber and stone is a reliable building for a harsh winter

A more aesthetic and expensive option is a combination of smooth timber and a brick plinth, located on a strip or slab foundation. Heavy weight the final design assumes serious investments into the construction of a slab or strip foundation structure. Such houses are suitable for construction on heaving soils, and if a slab foundation is created, the housing will withstand construction near bodies of water.

A budget option for building a combined house is a combination of foam blocks and natural wood. Such materials require careful finishing of the first floor, taking into account the additional waterproofing required for the use of blocks.

Projects of such combined houses are most in demand in modern market thanks to its affordable price and durability.

Design and construction of combined houses

Distinctive feature similar projects– a combination of durable stone walls ground floor and attic made of lighter materials. Therefore, although a full-fledged foundation will be needed here, the loads on it will be lower than when building a two-story stone house. Considering that the foundation is almost a third of the budget, the savings can be significant. In addition, wood often does not require additional finishing, so facing materials for the second floor may not be needed.

One of the options for a combined house: a low foundation gives the structure a more elegant and at the same time finished look

The combined technology significantly reduces the time for shrinkage of a finished home: completely wooden house It is recommended to “shrink” up to 2 years to avoid deformation finishing materials. At home with stone plinth you can move in after graduation construction work, finishing only the first floor for living.

Additional savings when building combined houses include small expenses for thermal insulation. Unlike brick house, combined requires less quantity thermal insulation materials. Unlike a completely wooden home, a house that combines both materials does not require careful treatment with moisture-repellent compounds.

Natural wood not only looks aesthetically pleasing, but also lasts a long time if removed from the ground using a basement floor

As a result, in addition to affordable price and have a nice appearance, the owner of a combined house receives a building that is optimal from a technological point of view, in which materials are used “in their place.” The moisture-sensitive wood was removed from the ground, and fire-resistant stone, which was uncomfortable for living (without proper finishing), was used to build “technical” rooms.

The visual characteristics of the finished building are an additional “bonus” when choosing a combined house. Natural wood looks good and aesthetically pleasing, and the plastered base gives the entire building a respectable appearance. Modern finishing materials allow you to design the facade as in uniform style, and preserving the “unity of opposites” in the combination of stone and wood.

Video description

Visually about the design and construction of a combined house in the video:

Advantages and disadvantages of combined house technology

The main advantage of choosing a combined house made of stone and wood is its durability and resistance to external influences. Thanks to stone first floor, the building is less damaged by moisture, and the wooden superstructure retains heat better.

The aesthetic qualities of the finished building will delight lovers of stylized buildings, extensive panoramic windows and simply original architectural solutions.

Stylization of a combined building is limited only by the customer’s imagination

The final cost of such housing is often lower than the cost of building a simple wooden or stone house due to the maximum effective use materials, which reduces processing costs.

A separate floor, built of stone, allows you to separate utility rooms from residential ones. Thus, the house is divided into common and private areas, which increases the comfort of living.

The main feature of the construction of such houses, often considered a disadvantage, is the need to strictly adhere to construction technologies. For example, for a combination of wood and stone, it is necessary to install strong steel pins in masonry and provide a high level of waterproofing.

You should also take into account that chalet houses can be built according to both budget and VIP projects. In the latter case, the first floor will be massive and its construction will require specialized equipment and highly qualified construction teams. Upper bar the cost of such a house will be limited only by the imagination and capabilities of the customer.

Construction of a comfortable combined house is a serious financial investment

Budget options for combined houses

Options to save cash, using the technology of building combined houses, there are two.

Reducing the area of ​​the final building will reduce the cost of construction and finishing materials. For example, the weight of the house itself will be small, so no complex foundation will be required. Miniature houses do not require a powerful heating system, careful preparation of the site and design of a large-scale foundation.

A riskier option is saving on building materials. It is strongly recommended to consult with specialists, architects and designers, before choosing a more affordable housing project. In general, choosing cheaper materials for the first floor of a house will help reduce construction costs: for example, gas blocks or frame structures will save owners a lot of money.

Small size is a guarantee of decent savings on building materials

Construction stages and prices of turnkey combined houses

Ordering a turnkey house consists of several main stages.

The initial stage is drawing up a design project for future housing, taking into account all the client’s wishes. Typically used finished projects, adapted to the requirements of a specific customer.

The agreed project is transferred to the construction team. First of all, the foundation for the future house is built, taking into account all the soil characteristics. Common options are tape and slab foundations, suitable for most soils.

Walls made of brick, blocks or stone are erected on the finished foundation, forming the ground floor of the building. At the end of this stage, the floors on which the floor of the second floor will be laid are installed.

The walls of residential premises, which are traditionally located above a stone plinth, are built from rounded logs or laminated veneer lumber. In this case, it is necessary to install metal pins so that the wood fits tightly and securely to the stone base.

Varnished wooden walls in a combined house

Having completed the construction of the walls, they proceed to installing the roof, as well as supplying the house with insulating materials. The final stage of the construction work itself is the installation of the roof roof.

The finished building is equipped engineering communications, and also carry out external and internal finishing work.

Before ordering the construction of a turnkey house, you must choose reliable company, capable of not only quickly but also performing work efficiently in compliance with all technological features the buildings.

Video description

Also, about the construction of a combined house in the video:

Depending on the area, materials and reputation of the developer, the cost of turnkey construction can start from 2 million rubles (combined houses made of foam blocks and wood, building dimensions 10x8 meters, housing area - 140 square meters). Comfort or luxury class housing, equipped with attic rooms, large verandas, garages and spacious staircases, can cost up to 4 million rubles. In general, the upper limit of the cost of housing depends only on the imagination of customers and the selected materials.

Small combined house made of foam blocks and wood

Typical designs of combined houses

Most modern owners of suburban real estate prefer to build houses on the basis of already agreed standard projects. Necessary changes are made at the stage of coordination of the architectural project with the company’s specialists.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular combined house projects from construction companies, presented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Combined chalet houses

A classic combined house made of stone and wood, a chalet in a modern sense - with sloping roof, second floor made of wood, and light plaster stone base.

Turnkey Swiss chalet with low pitched roofs, traditional stone and plaster finishes

Panoramic windows are a universal decoration for such houses

The combination of ribbon balconies, stone and wood creates the authenticity of the building

Combined houses made of stone and wood

A traditional, durable and very respectable option in appearance is houses made of wood and stone, delighting owners with a combination of durability, pleasant microclimate and natural materials.

A strict architectural project with a hint of chalet style looks perfect in Russian latitudes

A large-scale house combining wood, stone and plaster - a laconic and bright option

Modern architecture in houses made of stone and wood

Combined houses made of brick and wood

The brick base looks more interesting visually; in addition, such dwellings do not require external finishing, which saves the owners time and financial resources.

Facing bricks, plaster and wooden elements create a successful stylization in a modern home

Wood and brick house with siding under construction

Laconic a budget option the buildings

Economical housing projects made of foam blocks and wood

A popular construction option for Russian market– durable and economical projects made of foam blocks and wood. A wide variety finishing materials allows you to create almost any appearance for such a building.

Small combined house made of wood and foam blocks

Covering foam blocks with plaster and stylizing them using frames made of dark wood adds elegance to a simple project

Panoramic window and small decorative elements give the most modest home its own zest

Conclusion

Combined houses are an original and durable option for creating a country home. The non-trivial appearance, the optimal use of wood and stone from a technological point of view, as well as the low cost contribute to the widespread use of this execution technology.

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If we turn to the construction experience of our ancestors, we can see that houses built from stone and wood were not only status-bearing, showing the state of affairs of the owner, but also served them faithfully for centuries. This has not lost its relevance even now - there are more and more combined houses made of brick and wood, total mass private construction. Read more about the process and nuances of construction.

Advantages of a combined house

To a greater extent, owners want to live in a combined house because of its appearance - homogeneous material does not give much room for imagination.

The next question when choosing a combined structure is independent construction.

The masonry is not particularly difficult.

As for domestic use, combined brick-wood houses are suitable for permanent residence, taking into account the cost of the material. Floors are usually divided into cold, stone and second wooden.

On the first floor, all the household components of the house are arranged - the kitchen, boiler room, communications wiring. This will not make the interior at all sloppy - the living room and kitchen will be as the owners imagine them, but it is better to arrange aggressive environments below.

The second floor, warm thanks to wood, belongs entirely to personal space - children's rooms, bedrooms, offices.

A living room can also be arranged there, if the size of the house allows it.

Features of building a combined house made of wood and brick

Long-lasting combined houses made of brick and wood will look like this if the following rules are followed during construction:

A small house, the first floor is brick, the second floor is wood, the owners themselves can raise it. The projects are designed for both seasonal and permanent residence.

Turnkey offers – justified benefits

Construction is not an easy process. You should not just have the skill to use the instrument, but experience. In addition, there is a lot of information to be studied about this or that stage.

Connivance is fraught with, at a minimum, a lack of comfort, and at a maximum, an irrational, or even a waste of money. What does the turnkey offer, considered by the owners, entail in case of refusal to work independently:

• Quality. You can be sure that the house combined wood-brick, will be built in compliance with all construction canons.
• Speed. There are many reasons why the construction process is delayed. Elementary lack of time when full employment owner, makes the object a long-term construction project, and weather conditions will not have the best effect on the delivered materials.
• Exact compliance with the project. At the stage of thinking about own home, you should imagine in advance in detail what the future housing will look like. Changes can be made before the construction process begins.

Then it is undesirable, because this entails redoing the structural units and, as a result, weakening others designed earlier. Also, remodeling affects the cost of the house, the bottom is brick, the top is wood, increasing.

• Flawless finish. Usually, finishing work causes panic among ordinary people - how to make the house look attractive in appearance? It’s very simple - invite for finishing works professionals or take advantage of turnkey offers.
• Guarantee for all types of work. It can reach the entire service life. If company representatives offer less than 10 years, then you should say goodbye to such a contractor.
• It’s a paradox, but the asking price for the production of combined houses, brick-wood, stone-wood, is much lower than independent estimates and do-it-yourself work.

It is better to pay the full cost of a “key” house once than to redo your own flaws, allowing for inaccuracies in this or that technology. The miser pays twice - the saying remains relevant to this day.

Savings in the construction of combined houses

A careful selection of materials will help make a house with brick on the bottom and wood on top at the optimal price. More details:

In all respects, a combined wood-brick house is a good investment of your own funds. By completing the project independently or hiring a team for this, future owners receive individual housing interesting design at very reasonable prices.

It is not difficult to make a high-quality combined house with your own hands if you follow all the rules recommended by technology. However, as the experience of home-grown builders suggests, it is better to leave some stages of the process to professionals or order a full range of turnkey services. For those who want to dare, below are brief instructions on how to build a house from different materials.

Manufacturing technology of a combined house. Stages

So, how to build a combined house with your own hands? Before construction begins, future owners are required to take several steps to begin the process. Namely:

1. Come to a consensus on the appearance of the object.
2. Order the project and related documentation.
3. Obtain a building permit.
4. Prepare the site - clear the area of ​​vegetation and organize storage facilities. Leave material under open air is fraught with damage and theft, especially if the object is not guarded.

If such conditions are not met, the city or town services will have the right to independently decide the fate of the new facility. That is, it will be very easy to demolish the building.

• The construction of a combined house with your own hands begins with the usual action for all objects - installing the foundation. The choice is predetermined by the project and, most likely, is a slab or a monolithic strip. Its construction is simple - a ditch, shock absorption, waterproofing, insulation, reinforcement, filling.
• After the allotted time for shrinkage, the first floor is erected. Since the elements have regular geometric shapes - bricks, blocks - the laying begins from the corners, using a mooring cord for this.

It is convenient to use to check for level compliance. In addition to corners, wall intersections are laid. The walls lead from the finished elements.

• Classic mortar should be used for masonry only when using bricks. The blocks must be connected with special adhesives. Thus, it will be possible to reduce heat loss through the seams.
• Having brought the walls to the desired height, they begin the stages of building a house with their own hands, associated with interfloor ceilings. To do this, grooves are left on the walls in advance for ceiling beams. The ends of wood with a cross-section of 150 mm or more are wrapped in several layers of roofing felt.

It is necessary to act in such a way that the pieces of material lie freely on brick walls. It is not advisable to tar the bitumen - the bitumen will completely clog the wood channels, and rotting will happen quickly.

In this way, the first, framed crown is protected from dampness. Larch timber is laid on a layer of rubber or roofing felt - this guarantees that moisture from temperature changes will not get on the wood.

• Next, the construction of a private house with your own hands continues as follows - the previously prepared crowns are lifted up and secured using the appropriate method. For this, dowels are used - wooden clamps similar in shape to shovel handles.

They can also be square in cross-section, the main thing is that they fit into the holes prepared in advance with difficulty. They hammer them in with a mallet. Don't forget about the inter-crown seal.

• Sometimes instead of whole wooden walls the process is carried out with the installation of a frame and lining the resulting sectors with sip panels or other material. In this case, the help of lifting equipment is necessary - such elements are quite heavy for installation on their own.
• The rafter system for combined objects differs only in a large number of dressings and reinforcements. The pediments can be assembled on the ground and installed with shields in certain places. The rafter legs should “extend” outside the house, focusing on the lower level of the first floor, so that the draining moisture does not linger on the blind area or basement.
• There is no need to wait for the entire structure to shrink - finishing the first floor can begin immediately. For external surfaces, clinker tiles that imitate brick can be used as cladding. It looks great, especially if unpresentable cinder blocks or similar raw materials were used in construction.

As a result of using imitation as cladding, combined do-it-yourself chalet-style houses are obtained. There are a lot of trends - country, Russian hut, Scandinavian motifs.

That's the whole process described briefly. Any item has many nuances, and you should definitely study the relevant information on this topic.

Experience from professionals

This section will tell you about common mistakes when building yourself:

1. The materials of the first and second floors must match each other. You cannot use homemade blocks and heavy logs that are similar in weight to a monolith. It would be stupid to wait for a fortress then.
2. Considering stone to be unaffected by moisture, a home-grown builder is sorely mistaken. Everyone knows that water wears away even cobblestones, so it is worth protecting it from penetration and accumulation of vapors or precipitation. If the owners want to leave their original beauty, they should apply the appropriate composition to the construction raw materials.
3. If it is decided to clad the first floor with bricks rather than tiles, then a separate foundation is made for it, a reinforced mesh and special fastenings are purchased. Otherwise the masonry will simply blow away.
4. Window and doorways the second floor is cut out after the wood shrinks, unlike the first floor, where they are taken into account by the design. If you do them right away, then over time, the double-glazed windows will simply be crushed, despite the compensation gap - the peak of shrinkage occurs in the first year of the box’s existence. It is worth meeting this period rather than spending it on new frames later.

These are not all the nuances of objects of this type. Building a combined house with your own hands will give home-grown craftsmen invaluable experience - they will teach you how to handle two types of raw materials at once. If the owners are frightened by the stages of construction, then the work of professionals is always at their service.

It is not the gods who fire the pots. Once upon a time in Rus' it was considered common to build a house for your own family. Now, with all the variety of materials and technologies, it would be a sin not to take advantage of the knowledge gleaned from different sources, including this article.

Modern houses are diverse architectural styles and provide a wide field of activity for unusual design solutions. Nowadays, low-rise houses and cottages are very popular. For those who strive for exclusivity and sophistication in the construction of their home, there is an excellent solution - a combined type house.

History of the chalet

Combined house made of stone combines environmental friendliness, durability and individuality. They can combine wood and stone, timber and brick. They are very practical and sometimes even cost-effective.

Combined buildings have been used for a very long time. Their ancestors are the houses of alpine shepherds or so-called chalets. These buildings had a stone bottom, and the superstructures and terraces were made of lighter materials or wood. Now such structures are firmly entrenched in our lives.

Advantages and advantages of combined buildings

Projects of combined houses built from mixed materials are very practical. Their advantage over other housing options exceeds all expectations. Typically, the lower part of a combined house is built of stone and is considered fireproof. This is, first of all, excellent fire protection.

In this part, premises that require reliable protection from fire are designed: kitchen, garage, sauna, bathhouse and are placed household premises, such as a laundry room or boiler room. In addition, stone and wood are environmentally friendly building material and have high strength, which ensures the durability of the building.

Another advantage of the combined type of construction is heat conservation. The lower floor, made of brick, even in hot weather will keep you cool, in winter the warmth is maintained by heating system. Upper tier the structure is made of wood and, according to the laws of physics, will always remain warm, even in the absence of heating, since wood retains heat perfectly, and it usually goes up.

But the main advantage of such buildings is their low cost, because the materials used for construction can be purchased in your region and without delivery from other areas, which significantly reduces their cost, and construction does not require the use of special equipment and the time for their commissioning is significantly reduced.

In addition to all these advantages, the combination diversifies the architecture, allows for free planning and individual solutions in the decoration of facades and interiors.

Selection of material for construction

Stones can be used in the construction of combined houses natural origin, but their cost will be very high. To reduce the cost of construction estimates, foam blocks, bricks, or poured stones are usually used in the construction of the first floor. monolithic concrete, since it is this tier that will bear the main load.

In the construction of the second floor, a lighter material is usually used - natural timber coniferous trees or aspen. Most often, to reduce the cost, a house is built from combined timber. This is not inferior in design and quality to buildings made from natural materials.

Thanks to special technology Made from this material, a building will last even longer than one made from natural wood.

Combining materials during construction

Brick and wood play the same role as finishing materials, so they can be easily combined. Construction of a house from combined brick may not require additional finishing of the facade, since the wood-brick combination itself looks attractive, the main thing is to choose the right architectural style.

It is not necessary to design a building according to the scheme: the first floor is stone, the second is wood. It is possible to provide a frame for the second floor not made of wood, but of metal, then in the construction of the second floor there will be elements of masonry or panoramic glazing, which will give the cottage a more interesting architectural option.

If a combined house has three levels, then it is most reliable to carry it out according to the design: the ground floor is a concrete monolith; the first is a brick, and the second is wood, timber or metal carcass followed by display glazing.

Finishing of the combined facade

The combined building does not have a certain style in the design of the facade. When choosing a building project, it is important to decide on its finishing. This may be designed in the same style, which will remove the external difference between the first and second floors.

Options for such finishing can be different: masonry with facing bricks, panel design or decorative plaster. Alternative option design can be a combined facade of the house. This is the difference in finish for the bottom and top parts Houses.

The first floor can be faced with brick, natural or decorative stone, ceramic tiles. If the second floor is made of timber, then it can be left in its original form, simply varnished, or it can be lined with clapboard or wall panels.

Disadvantages of combined houses and choice of project

Having made a choice in favor of a combined building, one must also take into account its disadvantages. We must not forget that stone will last longer than wood and the service life of the first and second tiers is not the same. Therefore, when choosing a material, you need to carefully study the technologies used to produce it, make a choice in favor of high-quality wood, and to assemble the frame, it is better to turn to specialists.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the correct installation of communications in order to avoid moisture getting on the wooden base and the quality of sealing of all wooden structures.

Before starting to build a house, it is important to decide on its external architecture, make a choice of design and design of the structure itself. To do this, you can contact construction companies, study photos of combined houses, get advice from an experienced designer and then dream of two-story cottage will become reality.

Photos of combined houses

Combining materials is a favorite pastime of designers; in capital construction it is used to solve important practical problems. Proper combination of the physical qualities of stone and wood in the load-bearing walls of a building gives the developer a tangible benefit in cost and comfort.

It is these two factors that have made houses made of combined materials popular and widespread in modern suburban construction.

What combinations are reasonable and permissible when constructing such a structure?

Most often, stone (brick, monolithic concrete, aerated concrete or expanded clay blocks) is chosen for the walls of the first floor. The second floor is built from rounded logs or laminated veneer lumber.

It should be noted that combinations of different wall materials may also affect external finishing. A combined house allows you to use any options for facade decor: the brick walls of the first floor can be finished with a blockhouse, insulating them using the “ventilated facade” technology.

Second frame floor can be improved decorative plaster or stone tiles. As an example, we invite you to look at the photo below.

Looking at such a house, you will not be able to unambiguously answer the question of what it is built from. load-bearing walls. Although it is also used here combined technology construction of walls. The first floor of this building is brick, lined with siding. The second is a wooden frame finished with ceramic tiles.

Constructive options for combined houses

Despite the variety of facade decor, the construction of combined houses must comply with the main principle: 1st floor is stone, 2nd floor is wood. It provides the building with the necessary strength and creates conditions for comfortable stay On the second floor. Another problem solved by the combination of materials is reducing the labor intensity and cost of construction.

Anyone who does not want to spend extra money on exterior decoration is doing the right thing. The combination of stone and wood is optimal not only for structural reasons, but also from an aesthetic standpoint. Therefore, do not hide behind the finishing what looks perfect in itself.

An example would be a mansion built in a deliberately rough combination natural stone and logs. It fully complies with the canons of country style.

It originates from the harsh mountainous terrain, invented by Alpine shepherds. It also used the idea of ​​combining durable stone and warm wood.

Life in the mountains requires maximum reliability and functionality. Therefore, the first level of the chalet is always built from durable rock that is not afraid of snow debris, rockfalls and water. The second floor is designed to create comfort and coziness. Can't find one for these purposes best material than natural wood.

The “generic feature” of all buildings built in the chalet style is wide roof overhangs that protect the walls from heavy rains and melting snowdrifts.

Modern combined houses made of stone and wood are extremely diverse, since the choice of wall materials is very wide. If you are not satisfied with torn stone or flat limestone “flagstone”, then build the first floor from. They are quite durable and at the same time as warm as natural wood.

When preparing for construction, do not forget that houses made of foam blocks and wood require a reliable connection between the first and second floors. Cellular concrete is a rather fragile material. Therefore, it will not hold the steel anchors securing the second level support beam.

A competent solution for such a structure is to pour a monolithic reinforced concrete belt over the foam block walls. It increases the spatial rigidity of the building and allows you to securely fix the anchor bolts.

The appearance of a foam block wall is not very expressive. Therefore, it is better to cover it with blockhouse or siding, laying a vapor barrier and a layer of mineral wool insulation behind the façade cladding.

For combined construction cottage can be used. They are stronger than foam concrete, not as fragile and very warm. Finishing arbolite walls is not labor-intensive, since any decorative plaster adheres well to them.

The second floor can be built from planed timber. This material retains heat well in a residential floor and does not require finishing cladding.

If you need a three-level combined house made of brick and timber, then build it according to this scheme: the ground technical floor is monolithic reinforced concrete, the first level is brick, the second is a frame or log house.

Talking about frame version walls of the second floor, we note that it will not only save your money, but will also allow you to flexibly change the internal layout, adapting it to family needs.

You can hide the frame of the second floor behind the finishing. Another interesting option- specially highlight it, turning it into an element of facade decor. A half-timbered structure is best suited for this – an old one frame system, in which the posts, beams and cross braces face the façade.

A serious problem with all cottages is dampness on the ground floor. A combined house solves it simply and functionally. The lower floor is reserved for utility rooms. Here you can equip a boiler room, a bathhouse, a workshop and a garage. Bedrooms, bathrooms, dressing rooms, game rooms and the kitchen are located on the second, drier floor.

A combined house and a combined facade are not the same thing!

As we have already said, the combination of different wall materials is the main feature of a combined building. In contrast, the combined façade of a house can be used on any residential building.

For example, by building a cottage from insulated sandwich panels, you can easily “disguise” it as a stone one. To do this, you can use ceramic tiles, sandstone, porcelain stoneware or rusticated plaster. If ordinary, rather than facing, brick is used for laying walls, then a “combi-facade” will also be appropriate.

The photo shows a house being built from brick and timber. Obviously, the unsightly brickwork will require additional finishing. It doesn’t have to be decorated like a stone. It is enough to fill the blockhouse along the guides and your house will be completely “wooden”. Another option is a combination of semicircular false logs on the first floor and laminated veneer lumber on the second.

Pros and cons of the combination idea

Having noted the main advantages of combined buildings: efficiency, planning flexibility, aesthetics and functionality, we will point out the disadvantages of such buildings.

The main one is the different “lifetime” of stone and wood. In rocks it reaches 150 years. tree in best case scenario will last half a century. For light frames and panel walls this period will be even shorter. Therefore, a moment will inevitably come when the first stone floor is still quite strong and reliable, and the walls of the second floor already require repairs.

Since combined country houses in Russia are still quite young, there is no negative experience of different rates of aging of wall materials. Therefore, reviews from their owners are mostly positive.

Summing up summary, we advise everyone who has decided to build combined cottage, don't forget about different periods operation of the first and second floors. To extend the life of the walls, buy well-dried and antiseptic wood, and trust the assembly of the frame to experienced professionals, not hackers.

A wooden frame requires a properly assembled drainage system to prevent moisture from entering the wood. In addition, during the construction stage, constant quality control of the sealing of all cross sections of wooden posts and beams is required.