Construction materials for building a house. What is the best material to choose for building a house? Construction of walls - reliable protection of your home

In our country, individual construction has been actively developing in recent decades. In addition to building warm and durable houses from classic wood and brick, new materials and technologies are increasingly being used, primarily borrowed from abroad.

New materials for house construction are being developed to simplify and speed up installation and increase the heat-saving characteristics of external walls. But the low cost of the material for constructing the building frame and its good technical characteristics alone do not guarantee that the final costs will be small and the house will turn out warm and cozy.

To choose cheap materials for construction, the following factors are taken into account:

• Climate and location of the building site. This factor influences the choice of wall thickness and the need for additional insulation.
• Soil type. Affects the choice of foundation and the technology of waterproofing the underground part.

Thus, it is important not only to compare the cost of materials for building structures, but also to determine which one is the most cheap option suitable for specific operating conditions.

Final cost of work

It is the final cost of the work that should be taken into account when assessing the characteristics and cost of materials for building the walls of a house and looking for the most budget option.

The final construction costs are made up of a number of components:

• Architecture – the simpler, the cheaper.
• Engineering solutions - selection optimal option execution of each design.
• Internal layout is a rational approach to using space to get the maximum usable area.
• Insulation - the need and costs depend on the thermal conductivity of the walls.
• External and internal finishing – the need depends on the characteristics wall material, when choosing finishing materials you can save money.
• Building materials – it is on their choice that developers try to save as much as possible.
• Foundation - costs account for up to 40% of the total investment in construction; the parameters of the foundation depend on the choice of materials for installing the building frame and roofing system.

If you want to reduce construction costs, keep in mind that choosing a cheap material for building walls may result in the need to spend extra money and time on their insulation and finishing. When building a house above one floor special attention strength characteristics are also required.

The cheapest materials for construction

Construction of a classic brick house will not be cheap - the piece material itself for laying walls is expensive, and a solid foundation is required. Plus, the installation itself will take a lot of time and will require the involvement of professional masons if you want the house to be durable, warm and last for at least 100 years.

Today, new materials and technologies are being used, thanks to which the construction of a private house will require a minimum of time. These include the construction of walls from monolithic concrete using permanent formwork made of foamed polystyrene. Steel reinforcement is installed inside the polystyrene foam blocks with a tongue-and-groove connection.

The foam material acts as insulation; the cavity between the walls is filled with concrete, thereby forming a monolithic frame of the building. The materials themselves that are used for construction (concrete, polystyrene foam, reinforcement) are affordable, but the increase in price occurs due to:

• quite high cost of finished blocks with installed fittings;
• need to hire a concrete truck.

In addition, such a house requires external and internal finishing, as well as installation of high-quality ventilation system, since walls with a double layer of polystyrene foam do not breathe. This is an example of how cheap materials do not guarantee savings during construction and comfort in the home.

Expecting to find the most cheap material to build a house, you should pay attention to structures made:

• from foam blocks;
• from expanded clay concrete;
• from gas silicate blocks;
• By frame technology;
• from timber;
• from rounded logs.

To evaluate which material is better, you should compare the pros and cons of each option.

Foam block

The popularity of foam concrete is explained by its affordable price, simple installation– not required for building a house special tools and lifting equipment, since the weight of the block does not exceed 25 kilograms, and it can be cut with a regular hacksaw.

The list of advantages of foam blocks also includes:

• savings on the foundation - wall structures weigh relatively little, which makes it possible to equip a lightweight underground foundation;
• high installation speed;
• strict geometry of the blocks (if the material High Quality) – due to this, the thickness of the seams is minimal, which reduces the consumption of adhesive, increases the strength of the masonry and reduces the thermal conductivity of the walls;
• high thermal insulation parameters - the porous structure prevents heat loss through the walls;
• vapor permeability – the material “breathes”, resulting in a comfortable microclimate in the room;
• environmental friendliness and fire safety - the material does not burn and does not emit harmful substances.

Disadvantages include:

• the need for external cladding - the building needs external finishing, since the porous material absorbs moisture and freezing and thawing cycles do not benefit it;
• in cold climates, the walls of the house need to be additionally thermally insulated, while insulated ventilated facades increase the cost of construction, pasting with polystyrene foam boards will be inexpensive, but the walls will become vapor-tight and a supply ventilation system will be required;
• the risk of blocks cracking during shrinkage of the house if insufficient quality material is used.

Manufacturers claim that the service life of foam block buildings reaches 80 years. But the material appeared relatively recently, so there is no information about its actual durability.

Expanded clay concrete

Hollow expanded clay concrete blocks are used for external walls and partitions of a private house. If we compare expanded clay concrete with foam concrete, then expanded clay concrete is more difficult to process and is heavier, which should be taken into account when calculating the foundation. The size of the expanded clay concrete block is larger, which speeds up installation.

Expanded clay concrete is characterized by:

• environmental friendliness and health safety;
• resistance to combustion, biological damage;
• good noise insulation and heat insulation properties;
• breathability.

Walls made of this material need external cladding. Finishing allows you to make the facade aesthetically attractive and protect the porous material from damage when wet and subsequent freezing. Interior finishing of the premises is also required, but it should be taken into account that fasteners do not hold well in expanded clay concrete.

If the masonry is not done well enough, or the material has cracked as a result of shrinkage, cold bridges arise and the walls of the house need additional thermal insulation.

Aerated concrete

Trying to find the cheapest building material, developers buy aerated concrete - lightweight blocks that are easy to install. Important to use autoclaved aerated concrete from a trusted manufacturer - material made by drying in a hydration chamber has 3 times lower strength, they can only be used as insulation.

The blocks must be even, since the seams are cold bridges. But even if the masonry is made with minimal joint thickness, the house needs to be insulated if there is a desire to reduce heating costs. External and internal decoration of walls made of porous aerated concrete is required.

The advantages include the ease of processing blocks. Moreover, during the transportation of material and construction work Care should be taken - the blocks are not resistant to mechanical damage.

Frame house

To build a house using frame technology requires the use of a whole set of building materials, usually these are:

• lumber for mounting the supporting frame;
• heat insulator, which is laid inside the walls;
• sheet material for external and internal lining (OSB boards etc.).

Frame house construction has a number of advantages. During construction there is no need to use machinery or specialized tools; the work is carried out in short time. The load on the base is small, so a lightweight foundation is used. It is convenient to install communications in a frame house - they are hidden inside the wall. A structure erected using this technology does not require time to shrink.

This construction option is not without its drawbacks. If foamed polymer insulation is installed in the walls, the house does not “breathe,” which affects the microclimate. Mineral wool It is vapor permeable, but it absorbs moisture and, as a result, its thermal insulation properties are reduced.

To protect the insulation from getting wet, it is necessary to install a vapor barrier on the side of the room. It is better to use a special membrane that allows air to pass through but retains moisture. This is noticeably more expensive than using polyethylene, but contributes to a good microclimate in the house.

Having saved on the construction of walls, you will have to spend a lot of money on external finishing, since the sheathing of the frame should be reliably protected from atmospheric influences. The service life of such a house depends on how well it is treated against biological damage. wooden elements frame, from the choice of external finishing, from the quality of construction work.

timber

A wooden house is warm and home comfort, a unique microclimate due to the use of natural wood for construction.

For the construction of a log house they are used the following types timber: simple ( natural humidity or dry) or glued, consisting of several lamellas. Today in house construction it is customary to use profiled timber, which allows you to connect crowns without ventilated cracks.

When choosing timber, you should consider that:

• a house made of wood with natural moisture shrinks greatly, including deformation of the crowns, with the formation of cracks in the frame, the timber cracks;
• dry material is resistant to cracking and deformation;
• a structure made of laminated veneer lumber practically does not shrink or deform; finishing can begin immediately after roofing work is completed.

You can build houses from profiled timber yourself; the material is easy to process. But the thickness of the walls is usually insufficient so that in cold climates all year round operate the house without additional insulation - otherwise you will have to spend more money on heating.

Rounded log

Trying to find best material To build a house, you should pay attention to rounded logs. Application of this material makes it possible to significantly reduce final construction costs because:

• the weight of the structures is not the greatest, so a reinforced foundation is not required;
• for the construction of a log house, large-diameter logs are used, the thermal conductivity of which makes it possible to do without additional insulation of the walls;
• even, smooth logs look attractive, the house looks great without any external and interior decoration.

Rounded log – a good option for construction, if you order the production of a log house kit. In this case, on construction site a numbered “constructor set” is delivered, where all the elements are made on modern equipment, that is, all connections are made with high accuracy. The material used is treated with special agents that protect the wood from biological destruction and increase fire resistance.

If you want to live in a house where an optimal microclimate is always maintained (cool in summer, warm in winter, the air does not dry out or become waterlogged), it is recommended to choose.

Conclusion

The choice of material for building a house affects the speed and cost of building the box, the quality of life in the house, and the durability of the building. The desire to save on material for wall structures can result in increased costs for insulation and finishing. If a house is being built on our own, ease of installation and the need to use specialized tools are assessed.

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Who doesn't dream big today? country house? But before you decide to make your dream come true and start building a home, you should think carefully about the purposes for which it is planned future construction. If you need a dacha for a seasonal stay, that’s one thing, but building a house for permanent residence– this is a completely different format of construction. And the most exciting question: what to build a house from inexpensively and with high quality. Let's try to figure it out in our article.

The first thing you need to decide on when deciding to build own home for permanent residence is a building material, the choice of which depends on a huge number of related factors:

• strength and durability;
• microclimate inside residential premises;
• thermal conductivity and sound insulation;
• frost resistance;
• thermal insulation and moisture resistance.

What materials for suburban construction offers the modern market, and what is the best material to build a house for permanent residence from?

Of course, choose the material for individual construction necessary taking into account all the above parameters, but The main criterion is considered to be strength, since it is this that forms the structure of the building and affects the load-bearing function of the walls.

When choosing what to build a house from for permanent residence, all materials can be divided into four main groups:

• brick and stone;
• lungs concrete materials;
• tree;
• chipboard panels.

Construction of a house for permanent residence made of brick

Buildings made of brick are the most massive structures. They perfectly resist the effects of all kinds of natural factors and, at the same time, have an attractive appearance. However, in order to build your own house from the most popular material at first glance - brick, you will have to pay quite a bit of money. financial expenses.

The main advantages of a brick house are the high strength of the material. And in terms of its load-bearing capacity characteristics, a wall erected from this type of building materials is almost as good as concrete. Such characteristics are ideal both for low-rise suburban construction and for the construction multi-storey buildings. In addition, a house made of brick will not burn, rot or shrink.

Only, in terms of energy efficiency, walls made of ceramic or sand-lime bricks lag significantly behind other building materials. In order to ensure sufficient energy efficiency for a private home, Brick wall should have a minimum thickness of 120 cm. It becomes clear that no one will build a “bunker” with such walls for permanent year-round living, so today brick is increasingly used as a facing material.

Another important disadvantage of building a house made of bricks is the high cost of the material, so it is important to correctly calculate your financial capabilities, otherwise construction may take a very long time.

Summarizing all of the above, we can say that the main the advantages of brick, like building material are:

• opportunity long-term operation built house;
• high frost resistance;
• precise geometry of products;
• good combination with any type of masonry mortar;
• high strength;
• aesthetic appearance.

However, brick has many disadvantages:

1. Low moisture resistance some types of material. For example, sand-lime brick strongly absorbs water, this can be clearly seen when it takes on a dark tint during rain. This quality greatly affects the humidity indoors. In this regard, sand-lime brick is not used for laying basements and basements; sand-lime brick should not be used when building a house in regions with high humidity air.
2. High thermal conductivity. For achievement positive characteristics it is necessary to resort to additional costs for thermal insulation of walls or thickening them.
3. High product weight. The brick has a large mass, which makes the structure heavier and creates an even greater load on the foundation. To solve this problem, it is necessary to build a stronger and more solid foundation, and this further increases construction costs.
4. High cost of material.

So, it turns out that brick has significant disadvantages, so before making it the main material in the construction of a private house, you should think carefully.

And, brick houses

Construction of a house from concrete blocks

Today, among building materials, brick is significantly reducing its position, giving way to modern building blocks.

Affordable price is main reason, which determines the selection of blocks. At the same time, building a house for permanent residence from blocks is not only cheaper, but also much faster, since such large-sized material in quantity can replace from 4 to 14 ordinary bricks.

Today the building materials market offers these types of blocks:

• gas blocks;
• foam blocks;
• cinder blocks;
• expanded clay concrete blocks;
• wood concrete;
• shell rock blocks.

Let's take a closer look at each type.

Gas and foam blocks

Gas and foam blocks have the same technical characteristics and are excellent for construction low-rise buildings. Their only difference is the internal structure of the material.

Gas blocks are made from a homogeneous mixture of sand, cement and lime with the addition of a special powder - a gas-forming agent, in order to achieve small through channels inside the block.

Foam blocks, on the contrary, they have closed pores inside the material. Such a structure is achieved during production by adding special substances - foaming agents - to the concrete solution. It is worth noting that such production makes it possible to increase the quality of foam blocks, creating additional energy-saving capabilities for the material and significantly reducing its weight. Also, unlike a gas block, whose open channels conduct moisture well, foam blocks do not need additional protection from moisture.

They produce blocks of various formats and thicknesses, which allows the developer to choose the optimal material for individual construction without extra costs for additional insulation. Good geometric data allows you to build houses with a complex structure.

Also, foam blocks and gas blocks do not require complex finishing; this can be done using putty or decorative plaster.

In addition to all the listed advantages, a significant argument in choosing this particular material for construction will be its low cost. average price in the construction market 1 m 3 is about 3 thousand rubles.

Among the disadvantages of foam and gas blocks are: the following characteristics data materials:

• fragility;
• high water permeability (for gas blocks);
• mandatory external and internal decoration of the house;
• Availability chemical elements in the composition.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses made of gas blocks and foam blocks from construction companies, presented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Cinder blocks and expanded clay concrete blocks

Cinder blocks are also inexpensive building materials, however, due to the too high thermal conductivity of the constructed walls, they require additional insulation. In addition, cinder blocks have a lot of weight. It is these disadvantages that can explain the fact that consumers give greater preference to expanded clay concrete blocks.

As positive characteristics of cinder block developers highlight:

• fire resistance;
• low cost;
• high thermal insulation;
• resistance to fungus and mold;
• high term operation of the constructed house.

The most basic disadvantages of cinder block are:

• fragility of the material;
• low moisture resistance;
• low sound insulation;
• internal necessity and external finishing Houses.

Expanded clay concrete block products, at the same cost, are less thermally conductive, more durable and environmentally friendly material.

Expanded clay blocks are a material consisting of expanded clay gravel (the result of special firing of clay) and cement mortar. Such raw materials have high strength indicators and are designed for construction individual houses up to 3 floors. Moreover, the construction process does not take much time. In addition, expanded clay concrete is a fairly warm and environmentally friendly building material, as it does not contain synthetic additives.

Good vapor permeability creates an optimal balance of humidity in the living room.

Prices for expanded clay blocks quite acceptable, 1m 3 will cost approximately 3 thousand rubles.

houses made of expanded clay blocks from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Arbolit

The constituent components of wood concrete blocks are wood chips and cement mortar with special additives. This composition allows you to get a warm and light block.

Due to its density, wood concrete allows the construction of small buildings, while due to its elasticity, it is able to withstand, among other things, floor slabs.

This material breathes well, is very environmentally friendly, and has excellent heat and sound insulation.

The disadvantages of wood concrete include:

1. High moisture absorption rate. A house made of arbolite blocks requires additional protection from moisture, which means that you will have to spend money on insulating and specialized moisture-repellent finishing materials.
2. Uneven surface block leads to some difficulties during the construction of walls, and also causes high consumption of concrete mortar.

Also, a significant disadvantage of wood concrete is often considered a large number of low-quality materials on the construction market. Due to the fact that the production of blocks does not require specialized equipment, they are often produced using handicraft methods, using uncertified chemical additives and violations of production technology. All this causes a deterioration in the quality of the finished raw materials, so you need to buy wood concrete only from trusted sellers and manufacturers.

Prices for purchasing wood concrete start from 4 thousand rubles per 1 m 3.

You can also check out the most popular projects on our website. wood concrete houses from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Shell rock blocks

This type of material is the most expensive among blocks and will cost at least 5 thousand rubles per 1 m 3. At the same time, the technique of obtaining raw materials from a marine sedimentary massif additionally imparts fragility to the shell rock.

Advantages of shell rock blocks:

• sound absorption;
• good thermal insulation;
• durability;
• good vapor permeability;
• environmental friendliness.

In addition, shell rock has a number of exceptional properties determined by its nature. Thus, the material undergoes impregnation during its formation sea ​​salt and absorbs a large amount of iodine. The presence of these substances in the composition of raw materials gives the house made from it healing properties. Also, thanks to iodine, shell rock walls protect very well from radiation.

The disadvantages of shell rock are:

1. The need for strengthening in the case of building a house of more than two floors using special armored belts.
2. Lack of standardized block shapes (it is practically impossible to find two shell rock blocks of the same shape).
3. The need for additional protection of the structure from moisture.
4. Due to its fragility, the material requires care during transportation, as well as unloading or unloading.

Construction of wooden houses for permanent residence

As for wood, there are two options for building materials:

1. log;
2. beam;

A house for permanent residence made of wood puts minimal load on the foundation, which allows you to save money already at the very first stage of construction.

An important point when choosing building materials is also considered to be what to build wooden houses possible regardless of the time of year and in any weather.

House made of timber

Modern timber will allow you to build a neat individual house in any style. It has good geometric parameters, rectangular or square cross-section and smooth, very even sides. Houses made of timber exhibit minimal shrinkage; the manufacture of a log house does not require the use of special construction equipment, and the aesthetic properties of the material allow you to do without external and internal finishing, and thereby save on finishing work.

The timber has a large number of advantages:

• environmental friendliness;
• aesthetics;
• efficiency of construction;
• high level sound insulation and good thermal conductivity;
• strength and reliability of the structure;
• Possibility of installation at any time of the year;
• does not require the construction of a bulky, expensive foundation;
• does not require decorative finishing;
• positive, healing properties from wood.

However, timber also has disadvantages:

1. The need for additional material processing. Main common disadvantage wood products is its susceptibility to moisture and insects. In addition, over time it has the ability to crack and rot, thereby losing its original aesthetic appearance, so the wood must be constantly treated with special substances.
2. High fire hazard of the material. Any wood is highly flammable, and because of this requires additional protection by treating it with fire-retardant compounds.
3. Requires additional costs for heat and waterproofing.
4. Long-term shrinkage. Despite the slight shrinkage, a private house will sag within six months. In this case, during the shrinkage process, cracks may appear in the walls.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses made of double timber, laminated timber and profiled timber from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Log house

Classics wooden houses are log buildings. In addition to the traditional Russian hut, modern construction technologies make it possible to build a log house of any configuration, from a small Finnish house to a cozy cottage in the Art Nouveau style.

Modern construction logs are 100% natural and environmentally friendly, which provides excellent natural ventilation premises.

As in the case of timber, no costs are required for a massive foundation.

Strength, reliability and beautiful appearance are also the main characteristics of a log house.

The quick heating of a house made of wood is also an advantage, because it significantly saves heating costs.

The availability and lightness of the material allow you to build a comfortable wooden house in the shortest possible time.

TO disadvantages of logs, like anyone wooden material, include:

• susceptibility to rotting;
• strong and long-term shrinkage;
• fire hazard of the material;
• additional costs for insulation and waterproofing of the structure.

Today construction market offers two types of logs, chopped or rounded.

Rounded log– a product of industrial processing of lumber. It has more low price, do not require additional finishing and look quite attractive.

Chopped logs They are more expensive due to their manual processing, but are more durable.

Beautiful house made of rounded logs

When deciding which specific construction technology to choose, you should pay attention to two aspects:

1. When building a house from timber and industrially processed logs, there is absolutely no need to cut out recesses (bowls) for greater stability of the structure.
2. If you choose to build a house from logs manual cutting, then you have to pay for the very expensive work of a professional cutter (a specialist who will cut bowls - special recesses for connecting logs into a log house).

Building a house from a log can hardly be called completely affordable. So, cost of 1 m3 of rounded logs ranges from 7 to 10 thousand rubles, and chopped is much higher.

Also, on our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses made of hand-cut logs and rounded logs from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Construction of a frame house for permanent residence

A new type of construction of houses for permanent residence is frame technology. The frame of the building can be wooden or metal, but the wooden frame is still more popular.

Pros of building walls using this technology are the following:

• high thermal conductivity;
• the building is not subject to shrinkage;
• ease and speed of construction;
• ease of interior decoration;
• savings on foundation;
• environmental friendliness of materials.

An additional advantage of this technology is its low cost.

But despite this, frame houses There are also disadvantages, the main one of which is very low tightness.

Due to insufficient strength frame house, its reliability decreases and the service life of the structure is reduced.

There is no air exchange in the room, so frame house requires installation of a ventilation system.

Also, the disadvantages of frame houses are:

• high fire hazard;
• very low sound insulation of rooms
• poor resistance to fungal infections.

Moreover, like any wooden buildings, frame wooden houses are susceptible to insects.

Price 1m2 area, when building a house using this technology, it will cost the developer 2,500 rubles.

What is best to build a house from for year-round living is an individual matter. One thing is clear: the modern market construction technologies offers dozens of options for this, so it is important to carefully study modern views materials for the construction of a private house.

Of course, an important indicator will be the issue of financial capabilities, but we must not forget about such criteria as durability, moisture resistance, heat and sound insulation, and energy efficiency of the building.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular house designs from double volume frame, By classical frame technology and technology SIP panels from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Video description

Which house is better: Wooden, Brick or foam blocks?

Only knowledge and comparison of all the characteristics of various materials will allow you to accurately determine the choice of material for your country house.

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Live in own home has significantly more benefits than even the most luxurious apartment. A private house– a place where you are free to do whatever you want. You won't be disturbed here noisy neighbors who would like to make repairs with early morning or at a later time. Here you do not run the risk of being flooded or experiencing the inconvenience that apartment residents face. Many people are accustomed to believing that buying a plot of land, much less building a house on it, costs fabulous money. However, with the development modern technologies in construction, the cheapest technology for building a house has become several times more accessible. Now we will look main question: where to start, and most importantly, what to build the cheapest house from?

Preparatory stage

The first point that needs to be determined initially is the functionality of the house. What is it for?

If this country cottage for seasonal living, then you need only materials,

if this is a full-fledged home for permanent residence, then completely different.

To decide what kind of house will be, you should thoroughly study the climate and weather region where construction is planned. After all, the choice of building materials directly depends on the temperature conditions throughout the year. For regular living, a house must be constantly heated during the cold season, which entails certain financial costs. Therefore, when choosing a material for a building, you should be guided thermophysical properties: thermal conductivity and heat capacity, as well as shrinkage.

Each climatic region has its own temperature regime, wind speed and protection class based on the level of thermal insulation properties. Therefore, when choosing a material and calculating the thickness of the walls, you need to be guided by two main parameters: the coefficient of thermal resistance and thermal conductivity.

For each region, its own specially calculated thermal resistance index of the CTS is used. In order to obtain clarity about the upcoming heating costs, it is necessary to calculate the CTC of the future design. To do this, the width (δ) of the wall is divided by the thermal conductivity coefficient (λ), which is indicated in technical specifications building material R = δ / λ. The calculated value of heat transfer resistance must correspond to the standard value.

As an example, consider the use of cellular concrete, which has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.12 W/m* ºС. Let's take a block 0.3 meters thick and calculate: R = 0.3/ 0.12 = 2.5 W/m2 * ºС. This figure is below the norm and is suitable only for construction in southern regions Russia. A block 0.4 meters wide gives a heat transfer resistance of 0.4/0.12 = 3.3 W/m2 * ºС, which is slightly higher than the standard value and can be used in the construction of buildings in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The calculation is relevant only when laying blocks on glue.

The wall thickness corresponding to the best generally accepted standards in terms of energy efficiency can be determined using the same formula, where it will be equal to the product of the heat transfer resistance value and the thermal conductivity coefficient δ = λ x R.

From this it follows that in order to obtain the standard value of resistance λ = 3.2, the wall thickness is from solid wood coniferous species (pine, spruce) will be 0.18 x 3.2 = 0.576 m, from brick 0.81 x 3.2 = 2.592 m, and from concrete 2.04 x 3.2 = 6.528 m. In this case, mineral wool insulation with a thickness of 140-150 mm corresponds to the standard: 0.045 x 3.2 = 0.14 m.

Therefore, when choosing a material and determining the thickness of the structure, heat transfer resistance and thermal conductivity should be taken into account.

Coefficient of thermal conductivity,

specific heat

and the change in linear dimensions is different for each material.

In addition, when choosing materials for construction inexpensive home, you need to study the market for building materials specific to a given region. Delivery of materials, as a rule, takes up a significant share of their cost.

Now you need to decide on the size of your future home. For example, do you want to build cottage inexpensive or the house will have more floors. What will be the area of ​​the house in relation to the area of ​​your plot?
You can calculate the area of ​​your plot online.

Windows of standard sizes;

Practical layout without frills;

Simple roof;

Available building materials;

Flat small fireplace;

One should also take into account important nuance, if you have small area, then you can choose a simple project two-story house. This solution will be much cheaper than building a one-story large house.

The cost of a future home is determined by three components, on each of which you can save:

• the architectural layout is compact, maximum functionality and comfort and allows you to achieve 20% savings;
• a simple design solution should be rational and not contain any architectural excesses and will provide another 10% savings;
• modern materials make it possible to use the latest technologies in construction, allowing you to do the work yourself or with the help of minimum quantity labor from the outside, which guarantees up to 40% savings in the end result.

The optimal solution for a family of 2-3 people is housing consisting of three rooms with total area approximately 50 m2. A suitable option could be a 6x9 house, including: two bedrooms, a living room in the form of a studio, with a kitchen, a combined bathroom and toilet, and small hallway.
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Layout: maximum functionality and comfort

The main principle of space planning is to extract maximum benefit from every square meter of space. In our case, this is the ratio of total and usable space. This house, consisting of three rooms with a total area of ​​54 m2, will fully satisfy your needs for modern housing. Moreover, the ratio of total and usable area (52 m2) is 96.3%.

But over time, you will want to increase its area. This structure is most suitable for transformation. It can be expanded in width and height.

Second option

Important! The construction of the second floor must be thought out in advance in order to lay the appropriate foundation.

Third option, first floor

Third option, second floor

Exterior view of the house, economy option

Exterior of the house after expansion

The key to savings: simplicity of design

Designs should also be approached as simply as possible, without additional frills. When building economically, there are a number of points that need to be taken into account:

• The selected house width of 6 m will allow you to install floor slabs without difficulty. The standard size will not require the construction of an additional load-bearing wall.
• Combining the dining room, kitchen and living room into a modern living room, according to European standards, will save on the absence of walls and doors.
• A sufficient width of the walls will be 30 cm, and heat resistance can be achieved due to the thickness of the layer of thermal insulation material when cladding the house. In this case, the width of the base is reduced to 25 cm.
• It is advisable to make the walls in the house from plasterboard; they do not require a foundation and are easy to install.
• The roof is made gable, without unnecessary frills - this is the most cost-effective design.

Building a cheap house with your own hands is the most economical option

Approximately half of the construction costs are fees for performing the work. When building a cheap house, it is more advisable to do the maximum amount of work with your own hands, without the involvement of hired workers.

Why do you need to purchase only modern material? Its installation technologies are designed for the average person, so construction will not require professional skills from you and will provide an opportunity to save money. One assistant can be recruited as labor. If you do not have free time to build a house with your own hands, hire a team of two people with appropriate qualifications, retaining control over the work.

Another option is to build according to standard designs. Here you do not need to participate in construction; it is enough to accept the finished house into operation, be sure to draw up an acceptance certificate for the work performed, specifying the developer’s warranty obligations.
This 6x9 house is a great version of a two story conversion.

Reviews and disputes: which cheap house is better?

To explain which cheap house is better, we suggest you read the comments we collected from various forums:

Alexander V.

I want to talk about building a cheap house. Moreover, I will touch upon not only the monetary side of the issue, but also the labor-intensive one. We buy modern materials, preferably from a construction hypermarket, where prices are much cheaper. We discard ideas about buildings made from scrap materials (clay, straw, wild stone) as untenable. In the 21st century, we can talk about clay walls and rubble foundations. We're talking about modern housing, not Grandpa Pumpkin's house. We won’t even consider the environmental friendliness of building materials. At the time of the developed world wide web, you can find the most conflicting opinions about any material.
We will not consider hired builders either. This multiplies the estimate by at least two times initially. We carry out the construction ourselves; anyone can do it. The question is the duration of the process.
And so the foundation. When building a house you cannot do without it. The most appropriate and cost-effective is a strip foundation on piles. The task is not difficult. Every 2m we drill piles, the length depends on the soil, and fill in the grillage.
Still, the cheapest construction will be a frame house insulated with mineral wool or expanded polystyrene. Building a house from brick or sides with cement mortar will increase the cost of the estimate, take a lot of time, and as a result we will get a cold structure that requires insulation.

Bogdan S.

I was going to build a 6x9 house. For two months now, I have been working on a personal project and drawing up a construction estimate. I read smart books, participate in forums on all topics of interest, and watch videos. Now I’ve read it and understand that I have everything as you said: a pile foundation, a frame house, a slate roof. Interior finishing: plasterboard, OSB boards and wallpaper. Of course, plus heating and lighting. One thing I can say is that I am not investing in 10 thousand conditional raccoons. A bit more.

Sergey Zh.

I developed a project for a 50 m2 house for a friend of mine. Nothing special, a budget option, but a home for year-round use. The foundation is solid. Wooden frame house insulated with mineral wool. There is a vapor barrier film on the outside, hardboard on the inside. The roof is slate. Quite a warm building, suitable for winter use. The appearance is not very good. Just covered with vapor barrier. You can subsequently cover it with siding. But the budget is the most modest. An acquaintance spent only 4 thousand USD. True, I built it myself, I didn’t even want to hear about any hired crew.

Looking at my house, I am increasingly convinced that it is unlikely that anything can be built cheaper than a frame house. I insulated the walls, rollers, and roof with 15 cm thick mineral wool. In addition, I built an attic floor. My roof is the simplest gable roof, covered with zerolin. The outside was finished with siding, and the inside was covered with OSB and wallpaper. It cost me the pleasure of $9500.

The frame is the cheapest and warmest, but this does not mean that it is free. Everything is relative. Some friends of mine built a house from sibit. They were happy until winter came. They were frozen through the winter, and now they are deciding how to insulate themselves and what it will cost.

Of course, the main costs are building materials, which we will talk about in more detail.

Modern building materials are the cheapest way to build a house

There is enormous competition in the modern building materials market. Therefore, having made a short walk around the main points of purchase, building materials such as a hypermarket, bazaar or warehouse, it will not be difficult to find the most reasonable price. But different materials differ significantly in price.

The author of the article does not pursue the goal of promoting this or that building material, since the site is not engaged in their sale. The main thing is that a person with a limited budget for construction can become the owner of a good and solid home.

Before reading the various house options, pay attention to Compared to other houses, it is cheap to build.

Cheap brick house?

1. Brick.

As many people know, brick is one of the most durable, but also the heaviest materials. Based on this, it has both advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages:

1. high strength and durability;
2. excellent sound insulation;
3. availability;
4. environmental friendliness.

Flaws:

1. large mass - a solid foundation will be required;
2. insufficient energy saving;
3. difficult to process;
4. long process of building a building.

Modern brick allows you to build a house of any size and design.

Cheap steel structure house

1. Durable steel structures.

Today it is one of the most durable and affordable building materials, which allows you to build reliable structures, houses, etc. in the shortest possible time.

Advantages:

1. affordable price;
2. quick and easy installation;
3. versatility - you can build any structure;
4. Using modern finishing materials you can create a unique exterior.

Flaws:

1. low strength;
2. poor thermal insulation and sound insulation without additional insulating materials.

Durable steel structures today are becoming increasingly popular in the construction of private houses.

Cheap wooden house - is it true?

1. Log or timber

A modern, stylish house made of logs looks amazing, and its high environmental friendliness, strength and thermal insulation make this building material stand out from others.

Advantages:

1. high strength;
2. environmental friendliness;
3. excellent sound insulation;
4. quick and easy installation;
5. high thermal insulation;
6. easy to process;
7. relatively light weight;
8. amazing appearance.

Flaws:

1. price;
2. the need for additional treatment against pests;
3. fire hazard without special impregnations;
4. low hydraulic stability.

A modern house made of logs or beams is stylish, practical and comfortable.

Favorite: cheap house made of foam concrete

1. Foam concrete is the most profitable material for building a house.

A lightweight building material that surpasses others in its characteristics.

Advantages:

1. quick and easy installation;
2. high load capacity and low weight;
3. high strength over time;
4. excellent sound and heat insulation;
5. light weight;
6. reasonable cost;
7. easy to process;
8. environmental friendliness.

Disadvantages:

1. the first few years after manufacture it has low strength;
2. the porous structure of foam concrete will require additional finishing work;
3. hot in summer.

Foam concrete is the cheapest way to build a house.

We looked at some of the most affordable building materials that can be used to build an inexpensive house. Today they are also widely used: twin blocks, monolith, ceramic stone, etc.

For example, the cost of a one-story frame house with two rooms, a kitchen, a living room and a bathroom will cost 600-700 thousand rubles. Thus, the cheapest frame houses can be built for relatively little money.

We also recommend:

Before starting the design, you should understand what the walls of a private house are made of, since the selected materials determine not only the appearance of the building, but also set the parameters of the foundation, volume, duration of work, equipment used, estimated cost of construction and transportation.

Any of the listed factors (together with the bearing capacity of the soil and the climatic characteristics of the region) can radically change the initial plans.

Items to choose from

It is necessary to consider what is best to use for the construction of walls based on the technology of work. Construction is carried out in 2 ways:

The need to adhere to technology for all stages will pose the task of deciding whether to make walls for the house with your own hands or invite a contractor.

Expanded clay concrete blocks will create a large load on the foundation

For long-term living, you can build the walls of a house from various materials, which are conventionally divided according to their weight into light and heavy types.

Products that make up massive walls that create a large load on the foundation include:

• brick (red, silicate, decorative);
• foam concrete;
• aerated concrete;
• cinder block;
• natural and artificial stone;
• concrete floor beams.

Lightweight materials are solid wood, laminated wood products, and insulation materials used to reduce the thickness of the main wall material at a given thermal resistance.

A comparison of performance indicators is shown in the table:

Wood is considered a fairly light material for building a house

Reducing the overall load on the ground is achieved by combining light and heavy components in the wall structure (insulation, wooden floor beams).

In this case, you need to adhere to the rule - choose materials that are comparable in terms of service life, so that in a stone house you do not have to make major repairs every 25 - 50 years due to load-bearing wooden elements.

Internal walls

At the same time as the outer perimeter, they decide what to use to build the wall of the house inside it. In this case, in addition to supporting the ceiling, it performs the task of separating rooms and isolating them from each other.

You can decide what to make from using the table:

You can gain room space by reducing it if you make it from solid brick with plastering.

Allotted time frame

Allow at least 1 year to build a house

The design of the building significantly influences the time frame for construction to be completed.

Cement mixtures take a long time to gain strength; various technologies for self-leveling surfaces made from polymer compositions also require aging, determined by the manufacturer’s instructions - it takes at least a year to build a stone house with an area of ​​up to 150 m² on a concrete foundation.

The approximate time distribution looks like this:

• the foundation will gain 80% strength in 1 month and it will be possible to begin laying outer and load-bearing walls on it;
• it will take about 2 months to lay the walls (without finishing work);
• installation of floors, making a roof, glazing, insulation and communications work will take 3-4 months;
• plastering, finishing, installation of the finished floor, laying of finishing coatings in total will amount to 2 - 3 months. To see how long it can take to build a house, watch this video:

Interior work can be carried out in the cold season

It is advisable to plan the stages of construction of a stone private household in 2 blocks:

1. Work begins in the spring, when steadily warm weather sets in. The box should be closed until the autumn cold (they stand on the plinth, the roof is finished, windows and doors are installed).
2. Interior work and exterior finishing begin at the end of winter, when the temperature of building structures subject to further work does not fall below +10°C.

Compared to concrete work, lightweight ones are installed quickly. A turnkey frame house (log house) will be erected in a maximum of 1-2 months. When preparing the required set of materials, the construction and installation operations themselves are carried out at a precise, fast pace.

A frame house can be erected in 1 - 2 months

In this case, the terms are determined by the following conditions:

• dimensions and layout of the building;
• self-production of the frame or purchase of a ready-made large-panel assembly.

A fundamental factor in reducing time spent on installation of lightweight structures is the ability to perform (sequentially or combining) all operations, including finishing of finished sections. There is no need to wait for the walls to dry; fresh materials will give the required shrinkage.

If the design and preparation stages are carried out well and efficiently by the contractor, the housewarming will take place in the same season.

Durability

Stone buildings can last more than 50 years

Every home is periodically renovated, updated with finishing coatings, and changed in interior design. The house, as a whole, is used as long as the walls and foundation can withstand.

When using high-quality materials in the right combination according to their technical characteristics, and scrupulously following technological processes, a stone building lasts 75-100 years.

Timely overhaul significantly extends the possibility of safe operation. Natural stone of igneous origin serves in the walls of buildings for 500 years without any special changes. Mortars that bind elements in masonry joints are subject to the greatest destruction. They are protected (covered) from external influences by waterproofing, insulating and plaster layers.

Frame buildings typically have a design life of 25 to 50 years.

This indicator is directly dependent on the type and species of wood, high-quality treatment with protective impregnations, insulation from moisture, temperature changes and pests.

Subsequent restoration repairs of such a house are carried out only on the outer surface of the external walls.

Comparative characteristics of various options

They begin to calculate the options for building a house first of all, based on the allocated budget, the availability of procurement and timely delivery of materials, the availability of the required equipment and the number of workers.

In terms of financial costs, a structure made of light elements is 2-4 times cheaper than a heavy house of similar size.

The following table will help you visually compare the main characteristics of building materials:

In terms of generational inheritance, a brick or block house on a monolithic foundation has no equal. In terms of price/quality ratio in the medium term, private buildings made of wood will be a profitable and simple solution.

Use of wood-based products

Wooden structures have been popular among people since ancient times

Traditionally, wood is a widely used raw material for the manufacture of large-sized elements, timber, boards, slats, used at all stages of construction.

Indicators of thermal conductivity, strength, accessibility, the ability to process and install it yourself make it indispensable at every stage of work.

The development of technologies for processing all parts of the plant contributed to the emergence of particle boards and glued competitors to the natural massif.

Rounded logs (log house).

Drying logs can shrink, which will affect the geometry of doors and windows

The centuries-old method makes it possible to quickly build a house, especially in regions rich in forests. The support for the crown is a platform raised above the soil level by at least 0.2 m. An important point is to prevent the rise of moisture on the walls.

Shrinkage of wood fibers causes significant shrinkage of fresh logs, which can affect the geometry of window frames and door frames.

It is advisable to keep the laid frame in the local climate for 1 year before installing these positions. When installing windows and doors, large gaps are left for subsequent shrinkage over time.

Periodically, the typesetting wall requires inspection and... You will still have to caulk or seal with liquid nails.

Seasonal fluctuations associated with changes in humidity can reach 2%.

Logs require timely treatment with antiseptics and fire retardants.

If the wall thickness is less than 0.4 m, it is advisable to insulate it.

Insulation in private properties refers to an indicator of the owner’s diligence, and not a requirement of SNiP.

timber

Solid wood lumber is practically no different in performance from logs. High-quality laminated veneer lumber almost does not shrink. For a detailed film about the construction of a house made of timber, watch this video:

Profiled timber will be easy to install. In addition, the complex shape blocks the leakage of air through the gaps at the joints of the type-setting parts.

However, it remains a wooden product and requires protection and periodic maintenance.

Combines the performance characteristics of wood and polymer insulation. For its construction, in addition to the bars, chipboards, OSB, sheets of plasterboard (internal lining), boards - lining, block house are taken.

Frame house walls

The advantages are the absence of shrinkage, strength and the ability to distribute deforming loads without destruction.

The disadvantages of the design include the possibility of rodents appearing in the internal cavities.

This is a version of a frame wall that uses ready-made material of a 3-layer structure. Insulating polystyrene foam is pressed between the OSB boards.

The finished product greatly speeds up the assembly of walls and floors, which only need finishing.

Bricks

The material, tested in all situations, is produced in different designs (hollow, red, silicate, solid, clinker, figured, decorative).

They are used for load-bearing walls, and for filling openings and cladding.

Requires a solid foundation.

Ceramic blocks

They are based on clay, fired in a special way that increases the porosity of the mass. The thermal resistance of such a block is higher than that of brick, but it is more fragile and requires masonry skills. For more information about the qualities of a house made of ceramic blocks, watch this video:

Aerated concrete, foam concrete

Lightweight porous materials with good compressive strength. Aerated concrete is different in that its composition, in addition to sand and cement, includes lime, so it is very sensitive to getting wet.

It is no longer possible to dry a wet pain completely.

A representative of modern technologies will be a house made using permanent formwork. Expanded polystyrene forms are filled with concrete (with reinforcement) inside. The result is warm and durable walls.

Home is what we leave behind, what connects generations. What this memory of us will be depends on us. True, the construction of a house greatly depends on both the amount of our money and the climate of the area where it will be located. And the variety of building materials today dazzles the eyes. Therefore, in order for the house to be strong, cozy and last a long time, it is necessary to take into account not only the advantages of this or that material, but also its disadvantages, so that our beauty does not decay and crumble in a few years.

Basic materials for building a house

Despite all the diversity and dissimilarity of houses, we build them from practically only two materials: wood and stone. To be fair, it is worth noting that they are specially processed and given the properties required in each specific case.

Let's look at the wood: rounded logs, plain and laminated timber, carriage. Everything seems to be made of the same material, but the characteristics of, for example, laminated veneer lumber and rounded logs differ like heaven and earth. But there are also frame houses, also consisting of wood and insulation.

By stone we generally mean not wild stone (it is mainly used for backfilling under the foundation or for decorative finishing), but artificially created one. Well, since it was created by the mind and hands of a person, then the properties of the stone were given such as the person needed. And no matter how frightening the abundance of brands and standards of such stone may be, it easily fits into the following classification:

Brick;

Blocks where the binding component is cement;

Building blocks made without the use of cement, based on lime or clay.

The greatest variety of manufacturing technologies (and therefore types) exists in the second group, that is, the group of cement-based building blocks.In house construction, lightweight concrete is most often used, which differ in the brand of cement, the composition of the filler, and the composition of the heat-insulating component. And depending on these characteristics, we can distinguish cellular concrete, where air or gas bubbles serve as thermal insulation, and blocks, where expanded clay, wood chips or foam balls play this role. However, first things first...

Brick: pros and cons

Yes, brick is durable, frost-resistant, not afraid of fungus and does not rot. It is not afraid of precipitation and does not burn; solar ultraviolet radiation does not have any effect on the brick. The brick is durable and also complies with all environmental and aesthetic standards. The strength of the house is explained both by the quality of the material and the method of masonry - each subsequent row of bricks knits the previous one, that is, there are no vertical seams passing through at least two rows.

This masonry requires certain skills, especially when linking corners and laying a wall more than one brick thick. Thus, the complexity of building a brick house requires highly skilled labor. Another significant drawback is the weight of the brick: a reinforced, strong foundation is needed.Due to the high thermal conductivity of brick, the house cools down quickly, and it takes several days to warm it up so that it doesn’t seem damp in the house. This can be explained quite simply: when laying, the thickness of the mortar is somewhere around 1 cm , and with small brick sizes, such a thickness of mortar is no longer a “bridge”, but a real “bridge” of cold. The delivery time for brick houses is usually delayed, since they cannot be immediately plastered for two reasons: shrinkage of the house (and the house will certainly settle due to its significant weight) and the moisture in the solution, which takes several months to completely evaporate. In addition to all these disadvantages, brick can deteriorate if it absorbs moisture before winter. And this can be possible even if all brick production technologies are followed, if you come across clay with salts dissolved in it: the water will wash the salt out of the brick and will itself occupy the voids. This is the beginning of a destructive process.

And one moment. The cost of producing bricks is no less than one and a half times more expensive than the production of other materials from which walls are built. Considering that brick is several times smaller than any other building block, the labor intensity of construction increases significantly. Together, price and labor intensity make a brick house quite expensive.

Properties of cellular concrete

Cellular concrete includes foam concrete and aerated concrete blocks. Inside the concrete in the first case there are cells with air, in the second - with hydrogen. In the first case, bubbles are formed as a result of foaming; the concrete hardens under normal conditions. In the second, aluminum powder or paste is added to the solution, which, when interacting with water, releases gas (hydrogen). The solution “grows” and is sent to an autoclave, where it hardens at a certain temperature and pressure. Let's look at the pros and cons of these materials separately.

Foam concrete we knew in the middle of the last century, but we started building with it recently, when people started talking about heat conservation everywhere. Of course, air is an excellent heat insulator. At the same time, almost no sounds pass through foam concrete. Since foam blocks are light and larger in size than bricks, masonry does not become a labor-intensive process. Yes, and it’s easy to ditch walls for communication systems. How easy it is to give the block different shapes, which means you can create bay windows, make an oval wall, etc. In addition, foam concrete does not burn and is easy to transport.

The disadvantages include fairly high moisture absorption (albeit to a shallow depth). The walls require annual settlement, and they must stand on stable slab foundations, otherwise significant cracks will appear on the blocks as a result of deformations.

Aerated concrete even lighter than foam concrete, perfectly processed (it can be cutwith an ordinary hacksaw, drill with ordinary drills, etc.). Thermal insulation and noise protection functions are also excellent. Lightness requires less labor, and good heat-shielding properties reduce the amount of material required. With all this, do not forget about high strength at a relatively low price.

Disadvantages can appear in two cases. The wall breathes and therefore gradually accumulates moisture. To eliminate this phenomenon, you need to finish the wall with good waterproofing. The second disadvantage is the fragility of aerated concrete, that is, the wall should not experience any movement in order to avoid cracks. And for this you need a solid strip foundation.

Other lightweight concretes

These concretes are heavier than cellular ones: instead of gas or air, which changes the properties of the wall material, they contain heavier components. Therefore, these concretes are approximately 1.2 - 1.5 times heavier than water, while dry foam concrete and aerated concrete can float on the surface of the water. However, these components are not crushed stone, gravel, but wood, expanded clay, that is, compared to heavy concrete, this material has a significantly lower specific gravity.

Expanded clay concrete contains a relatively light component(foamed and baked clay). With the light weight of the blocks, this material is durable and versatile (not only load-bearing walls are laid from it, but also partitions, and also fill frames in monolithic housing construction). The material is an excellent sound insulator, it is more moisture resistant than concrete, it resists aggressive environments better, and in other respects it is not inferior to cellular concrete.

The porosity of expanded clay concrete, while improving its thermal and noise-proof qualities, reduces frost resistance due to moisture entering the pores. Porosity also affects strength: you always have to accurately calculate whether the lower blocks can withstand the load of the rest of the structure (does our private developer know the strength of materials?).

IN polystyrene concrete The role of heat and sound insulator is played by polystyrene beads evenly distributed in the concrete. It seems that everyone likes the material: it is warm and durable, it blocks noise well, it is light and not expensive, but it all cancels out one drawback. But what...When there is a fire, polystyrene begins to melt, releasing toxins.

Cinder concrete the name is more collective than specific. The point is that inThe filler in this building material can be either slag, coal, ash, an admixture of expanded clay with something, screenings, etc. Specifically, slag is used from waste from metallurgical production. To comply with environmental standards, it is kept outdoors for a year. Blocks with a coarse filler fraction are ideal for external walls, and fine ones for internal walls. Voids to improve thermal qualities are created using special molds for the production of this type of concrete. The material is strong, cheap, very durable. The high speed of construction of cinder block walls is important.

The disadvantages include low sound insulation. It is clear, denser material means higher sound conductivity. Also, the material is afraid of water, so it is advisable to cover it. But if you line a house made of cinder blocks with bricks, this will significantly increase the cost of construction. In addition, it is difficult to lay communications in cinder concrete, and if some kind of groove or hole is needed, it is better to provide them in advance and place a block in the cinder block blank in the right place.

Arbolite blocks ― this is a building material, the main components of which are concrete and organic filler: wood chips, flax fiber or seed cake from which the oil has already been squeezed out. Of course, most often it is wood chips. A characteristic feature of wood concrete is that, unlike other lightweight concretes, it contains only 10 - 20% concrete, the rest is wood chips.A house made of such blocks is more reminiscent of a wooden house in properties, but unlike it, it is practically not susceptible to microorganisms and fungi. One of its interesting properties of the material is that the wood concrete block is able to restore its shape when the maximum loads are removed. It retains heat and keeps out noise. It does not burn, but when exposed to open fire it begins to smolder. Once the source of the flame is removed, the smoldering stops. Eco-friendly, breathable material.

The disadvantage of wood concrete is its increased moisture permeability, and therefore the relative humidity inside the room cannot exceed 75%, while the outside must be lined. The foundation must rise above the blind area by at least half a meter so that splashes do not fly onto the wood concrete blocks. The roof overhangs should extend beyond the walls by the same half a meter so that water is less likely to hit the wall.

Blocks without cement

When choosing a material for building walls, you may come acrossgas silicate . Attention! It should not be confused with aerated concrete. We already know that cement is needed to produce aerated concrete. In the production of gas silicate, lime acts as a binding element. The porous structure is acquired due to the gases released during the interaction of quicklime with aluminum particles. What is the difference between the qualities of gas silicate and aerated concrete? Aerated concrete, thanks to cement, is more durable, gas silicate, thanks to lime, reduces heat loss and better protects against noise. Despite all the high qualities of gas silicate blocks (lightness, insulating properties, low cost, etc.), in them, as in foam concrete, the formation of fungus is possible due to the porous structure.

Ceramic blocks also do not contain cement. In addition to clay, their composition may include sand and sawdust. The voids inside the blocks resemble honeycombs. The blocks have grooves and protrusions on the outside of their side faces. This allows masonry to be done without vertical seams. As a building material, ceramic blocks are durable and can be used to construct multi-story buildings. They are very lightgood noise protection and thermal insulation. A significant disadvantage of walls made of this material is the impossibility of perforating (and often simply drilling) and attaching anything to the walls, since the abundance of voids and the fragility of thin partitions do not allow even the installation of cork.